Activated BRAF induces gliomas in mice when combined with Ink4a/Arf loss or Akt activation

J. P. Robinson; M. W. Vanbrocklin; A. R. Guilbeault; D. L. Signorelli; S. Brandner; S. L. Holmen

doi:10.1038/onc.2009.333

Activated BRAF induces gliomas in mice when combined with Ink4a/Arf loss or Akt activation

J. P. Robinson, M. W. Vanbrocklin, A. R. Guilbeault, D. L. Signorelli, S. Brandner, S. L. Holmen

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

76 Scopus citations

Abstract

Mutations in receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) growth factor receptors (epidermal growth factor receptor, platelet-derived growth factor receptor, MET and ERBB2), which result in downstream activation of the RAS/RAF/MEK/ERK mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway and PI(3)K/Akt pathway, are found in almost all high-grade gliomas and MAPK signaling is necessary for continued glioma maintenance. In addition, BRAF is mutated in the majority of low-grade gliomas and its expression and activity is significantly increased in the majority of high-grade gliomas. Although the importance of RTKs and RAS signaling in glioma development has been shown, the role of BRAF has yet to be characterized. We evaluated the effect of activated BRAF in glioma formation using the retroviral replication-competent avian leukosis virus long terminal repeat, splice acceptor (RCAS)/TVA system to transfer genes encoding activated forms of BRAF, KRas, Akt and Cre to nestin-expressing neural progenitor cells in Ink4a/Arf ^lox/lox mice in vivo. Although expression of activated BRAF alone is not sufficient for tumorigenesis, the combination of activated BRAF and Akt or BRAF with Ink4a/Arf loss is transforming. Interestingly, activated BRAF generates gliomas with characteristics similar to activated KRas in the context of Akt but not Ink4a/Arf loss. Our studies show a role for BRAF activation and signaling in glioma development and as potential target for glioma therapy.

Original language	English (US)
Pages (from-to)	335-344
Number of pages	10
Journal	Oncogene
Volume	29
Issue number	3
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1038/onc.2009.333
State	Published - Jan 2010
Externally published	Yes

Bibliographical note

Funding Information:
This work was supported by the Nevada Cancer Institute, the National Brain Tumor Foundation, and RSG-06–198–01-TBE from the American Cancer Society. We thank Nick Henderson and Robert Kirsh for animal husbandry. We also thank Eric Holland, Martin McMahon, and Ronald DePinho for the reagents. SLH designed the research; JPR, MWV and SLH performed the research; SB performed the pathological analysis; DLS and ARG provided technical support; JPR and SLH prepared the images and wrote the paper.

Keywords

Akt
Arf
BRAF; KRas
Glioma
Ink4a

UN SDGs

This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

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title = "Activated BRAF induces gliomas in mice when combined with Ink4a/Arf loss or Akt activation",

abstract = "Mutations in receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) growth factor receptors (epidermal growth factor receptor, platelet-derived growth factor receptor, MET and ERBB2), which result in downstream activation of the RAS/RAF/MEK/ERK mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway and PI(3)K/Akt pathway, are found in almost all high-grade gliomas and MAPK signaling is necessary for continued glioma maintenance. In addition, BRAF is mutated in the majority of low-grade gliomas and its expression and activity is significantly increased in the majority of high-grade gliomas. Although the importance of RTKs and RAS signaling in glioma development has been shown, the role of BRAF has yet to be characterized. We evaluated the effect of activated BRAF in glioma formation using the retroviral replication-competent avian leukosis virus long terminal repeat, splice acceptor (RCAS)/TVA system to transfer genes encoding activated forms of BRAF, KRas, Akt and Cre to nestin-expressing neural progenitor cells in Ink4a/Arf lox/lox mice in vivo. Although expression of activated BRAF alone is not sufficient for tumorigenesis, the combination of activated BRAF and Akt or BRAF with Ink4a/Arf loss is transforming. Interestingly, activated BRAF generates gliomas with characteristics similar to activated KRas in the context of Akt but not Ink4a/Arf loss. Our studies show a role for BRAF activation and signaling in glioma development and as potential target for glioma therapy.",

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author = "Robinson, {J. P.} and Vanbrocklin, {M. W.} and Guilbeault, {A. R.} and Signorelli, {D. L.} and S. Brandner and Holmen, {S. L.}",

note = "Funding Information: This work was supported by the Nevada Cancer Institute, the National Brain Tumor Foundation, and RSG-06–198–01-TBE from the American Cancer Society. We thank Nick Henderson and Robert Kirsh for animal husbandry. We also thank Eric Holland, Martin McMahon, and Ronald DePinho for the reagents. SLH designed the research; JPR, MWV and SLH performed the research; SB performed the pathological analysis; DLS and ARG provided technical support; JPR and SLH prepared the images and wrote the paper.",

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AU - Brandner, S.

AU - Holmen, S. L.

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Activated BRAF induces gliomas in mice when combined with Ink4a/Arf loss or Akt activation

Abstract

Bibliographical note

Keywords

UN SDGs

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