Acute vagus nerve stimulation using different pulse widths produces varying brain effects

Qiwen Mu; Daryl E. Bohning; Ziad Nahas; John Walker; Berry Anderson; Kevin A. Johnson; Stewart Denslow; Mikhail Lomarev; Poya Moghadam; Jeong Ho Chae; Mark S. George

doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2003.12.004

Acute vagus nerve stimulation using different pulse widths produces varying brain effects

Qiwen Mu, Daryl E. Bohning, Ziad Nahas, John Walker, Berry Anderson, Kevin A. Johnson, Stewart Denslow, Mikhail Lomarev, Poya Moghadam, Jeong Ho Chae, Mark S. George

Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

90 Scopus citations

Abstract

Background Vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) is an approved treatment for epilepsy and has been investigated in clinical trials of depression. Little is known about the relationship of VNS parameters to brain function. Using the interleaved VNS /functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) technique, we tested whether variations of VNS pulse width (PW) would produce different immediate brain activation in a manner consistent with single neuron PW studies. Methods Twelve adult patients with major depression, treated with VNS, underwent three consecutive VNS/fMRI scans, each randomly using one of three PWs (130 μs, 250 μs, or 500 μs). The data were analyzed with SPM2. Results Global activations induced by PWs 250 and 500 were both significantly greater than that induced by PW 130 but not significantly different from each other. For global deactivation, PWs 130 and 250 were both significantly greater than PW 500 but not significantly different from each other. Regional similarities and differences were also seen with the various PWs. Conclusions The data confirm our hypothesis that VNS at PW 500 globally produces no more activation than does PW 250, and PW 130 is insufficient for activation of some regions. These data suggest that PW is an important variable in producing VNS brain effects.

Original language	English (US)
Pages (from-to)	816-825
Number of pages	10
Journal	Biological psychiatry
Volume	55
Issue number	8
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biopsych.2003.12.004
State	Published - Apr 15 2004

Bibliographical note

Funding Information:
This study was funded, in part, by Grants from the Charles A. Dana Foundation and Cyberonics (DEB). The Brain Stimulation Laboratory is also supported, in part, by research Grants from the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency, the Stanley Foundation, the National Alliance for Research on Schizophrenia and Depression, the Borderline Personality Disorders Foundation, and National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke Grant RO1-AG40956.

Funding Information:
Aspects of this work were presented at the Society of Biological Psychiatry Annual Convention, May 17, 2003, San Francisco, California. The conference was sponsored by the Society of Biological Psychiatry.

Keywords

Depression
Functional magnetic resonance imaging
Pulse width
Vagus nerve stimulation

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title = "Acute vagus nerve stimulation using different pulse widths produces varying brain effects",

abstract = "Background Vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) is an approved treatment for epilepsy and has been investigated in clinical trials of depression. Little is known about the relationship of VNS parameters to brain function. Using the interleaved VNS /functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) technique, we tested whether variations of VNS pulse width (PW) would produce different immediate brain activation in a manner consistent with single neuron PW studies. Methods Twelve adult patients with major depression, treated with VNS, underwent three consecutive VNS/fMRI scans, each randomly using one of three PWs (130 μs, 250 μs, or 500 μs). The data were analyzed with SPM2. Results Global activations induced by PWs 250 and 500 were both significantly greater than that induced by PW 130 but not significantly different from each other. For global deactivation, PWs 130 and 250 were both significantly greater than PW 500 but not significantly different from each other. Regional similarities and differences were also seen with the various PWs. Conclusions The data confirm our hypothesis that VNS at PW 500 globally produces no more activation than does PW 250, and PW 130 is insufficient for activation of some regions. These data suggest that PW is an important variable in producing VNS brain effects.",

keywords = "Depression, Functional magnetic resonance imaging, Pulse width, Vagus nerve stimulation",

author = "Qiwen Mu and Bohning, {Daryl E.} and Ziad Nahas and John Walker and Berry Anderson and Johnson, {Kevin A.} and Stewart Denslow and Mikhail Lomarev and Poya Moghadam and Chae, {Jeong Ho} and George, {Mark S.}",

note = "Funding Information: This study was funded, in part, by Grants from the Charles A. Dana Foundation and Cyberonics (DEB). The Brain Stimulation Laboratory is also supported, in part, by research Grants from the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency, the Stanley Foundation, the National Alliance for Research on Schizophrenia and Depression, the Borderline Personality Disorders Foundation, and National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke Grant RO1-AG40956. Funding Information: Aspects of this work were presented at the Society of Biological Psychiatry Annual Convention, May 17, 2003, San Francisco, California. The conference was sponsored by the Society of Biological Psychiatry.",

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T1 - Acute vagus nerve stimulation using different pulse widths produces varying brain effects

AU - Mu, Qiwen

AU - Bohning, Daryl E.

AU - Nahas, Ziad

AU - Walker, John

AU - Anderson, Berry

AU - Johnson, Kevin A.

AU - Denslow, Stewart

AU - Lomarev, Mikhail

AU - Moghadam, Poya

AU - Chae, Jeong Ho

AU - George, Mark S.

N1 - Funding Information: This study was funded, in part, by Grants from the Charles A. Dana Foundation and Cyberonics (DEB). The Brain Stimulation Laboratory is also supported, in part, by research Grants from the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency, the Stanley Foundation, the National Alliance for Research on Schizophrenia and Depression, the Borderline Personality Disorders Foundation, and National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke Grant RO1-AG40956. Funding Information: Aspects of this work were presented at the Society of Biological Psychiatry Annual Convention, May 17, 2003, San Francisco, California. The conference was sponsored by the Society of Biological Psychiatry.

PY - 2004/4/15

Y1 - 2004/4/15

N2 - Background Vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) is an approved treatment for epilepsy and has been investigated in clinical trials of depression. Little is known about the relationship of VNS parameters to brain function. Using the interleaved VNS /functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) technique, we tested whether variations of VNS pulse width (PW) would produce different immediate brain activation in a manner consistent with single neuron PW studies. Methods Twelve adult patients with major depression, treated with VNS, underwent three consecutive VNS/fMRI scans, each randomly using one of three PWs (130 μs, 250 μs, or 500 μs). The data were analyzed with SPM2. Results Global activations induced by PWs 250 and 500 were both significantly greater than that induced by PW 130 but not significantly different from each other. For global deactivation, PWs 130 and 250 were both significantly greater than PW 500 but not significantly different from each other. Regional similarities and differences were also seen with the various PWs. Conclusions The data confirm our hypothesis that VNS at PW 500 globally produces no more activation than does PW 250, and PW 130 is insufficient for activation of some regions. These data suggest that PW is an important variable in producing VNS brain effects.

AB - Background Vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) is an approved treatment for epilepsy and has been investigated in clinical trials of depression. Little is known about the relationship of VNS parameters to brain function. Using the interleaved VNS /functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) technique, we tested whether variations of VNS pulse width (PW) would produce different immediate brain activation in a manner consistent with single neuron PW studies. Methods Twelve adult patients with major depression, treated with VNS, underwent three consecutive VNS/fMRI scans, each randomly using one of three PWs (130 μs, 250 μs, or 500 μs). The data were analyzed with SPM2. Results Global activations induced by PWs 250 and 500 were both significantly greater than that induced by PW 130 but not significantly different from each other. For global deactivation, PWs 130 and 250 were both significantly greater than PW 500 but not significantly different from each other. Regional similarities and differences were also seen with the various PWs. Conclusions The data confirm our hypothesis that VNS at PW 500 globally produces no more activation than does PW 250, and PW 130 is insufficient for activation of some regions. These data suggest that PW is an important variable in producing VNS brain effects.

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Acute vagus nerve stimulation using different pulse widths produces varying brain effects

Abstract

Bibliographical note

Keywords

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