Antigenic characterization of novel H1 influenza A viruses in swine

Rodrigo Tapia; Montserrat Torremorell; Marie Culhane; Rafael A. Medina; Víctor Neira

doi:10.1038/s41598-020-61315-5

Antigenic characterization of novel H1 influenza A viruses in swine

Rodrigo Tapia, Montserrat Torremorell, Marie Culhane, Rafael A. Medina, Víctor Neira

Veterinary Population Medicine

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Abstract

Novel H1N2 influenza A viruses (IAVs) in swine have been identified in Chile co-circulating with pandemic H1N1 2009-like (A(H1N1)pdm09-like) viruses. The objective of this study was to characterize antigenically the swine H1 IAVs circulating in Chile. Genetic analysis based on the HA1 domain and antigenic analysis by hemagglutination inhibition assay were carried out. Three antigenic clusters were identified, named Chilean H1 A (ChH1A), Chilean H1 B (ChH1B), and A(H1N1)pdm09-like. The antigenic sites of ChH1A and ChH1B strains were 10–60% distant from those of commercial vaccine strains at the amino acid sequence level. Antigenic variants were identified within the clusters ChH1A and A(H1N1)pdm09-like. Substitutions in the main antigenic sites (E153G in Sa, Q193H in Sb, D168N in Ca1, P137S in Ca2, and F71L in Cb) were detected in variants from the ChH1A cluster, whereas only a single substitution in antigenic site Sa (G155E) was detected in variants from A(H1N1)pdm09-like cluster, which confirms the importance to carrying out antigenic analyses in addition to genetic analyses to evaluate control measures such as vaccination. These results highlight the need to update vaccines for swine in Chile and the importance of continued surveillance to determine the onward transmission of antigenic variants in Chilean pig populations.

Original language	English (US)
Article number	4510
Journal	Scientific reports
Volume	10
Issue number	1
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-61315-5
State	Published - Dec 1 2020

Bibliographical note

Funding Information:
We thank the staff of the Instituto de Salud Pública de Chile for biological supplies. We are grateful to Victoria García, Juan Mena, swine producers and veterinarians for all their support in technical assistance and sample collection. This study was partly funded by FONDECYT de Iniciación 11170877 and FIV-2017 to V.N., CONICYT-PCHA/Doctorado Nacional/2014-21140719 to R.T., and the Anillo PIA ACT 1408 to R.A.M. and V.N., all from the Comisión Nacional de Investigación Científica y Tecnológica (CONICYT) of Chile, and by the Center for Research in Influenza Pathogenesis (CRIP), a National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases–funded Center of Excellence in Influenza Research and Surveillance (CEIRS), contract number HHSN272201400008C to R.A.M and V.N.

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© 2020, The Author(s).

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title = "Antigenic characterization of novel H1 influenza A viruses in swine",

abstract = "Novel H1N2 influenza A viruses (IAVs) in swine have been identified in Chile co-circulating with pandemic H1N1 2009-like (A(H1N1)pdm09-like) viruses. The objective of this study was to characterize antigenically the swine H1 IAVs circulating in Chile. Genetic analysis based on the HA1 domain and antigenic analysis by hemagglutination inhibition assay were carried out. Three antigenic clusters were identified, named Chilean H1 A (ChH1A), Chilean H1 B (ChH1B), and A(H1N1)pdm09-like. The antigenic sites of ChH1A and ChH1B strains were 10–60% distant from those of commercial vaccine strains at the amino acid sequence level. Antigenic variants were identified within the clusters ChH1A and A(H1N1)pdm09-like. Substitutions in the main antigenic sites (E153G in Sa, Q193H in Sb, D168N in Ca1, P137S in Ca2, and F71L in Cb) were detected in variants from the ChH1A cluster, whereas only a single substitution in antigenic site Sa (G155E) was detected in variants from A(H1N1)pdm09-like cluster, which confirms the importance to carrying out antigenic analyses in addition to genetic analyses to evaluate control measures such as vaccination. These results highlight the need to update vaccines for swine in Chile and the importance of continued surveillance to determine the onward transmission of antigenic variants in Chilean pig populations.",

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Antigenic characterization of novel H1 influenza A viruses in swine

Abstract

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