Assessment of Real-Time Quaking-Induced Conversion (RT-QuIC) Assay, Immunohistochemistry and ELISA for Detection of Chronic Wasting Disease under Field Conditions in White-Tailed Deer: A Bayesian Approach

Catalina Picasso-Risso; Marc D. Schwabenlander; Gage Rowden; Michelle Carstensen; Jason C. Bartz; Peter A. Larsen; Tiffany M. Wolf

doi:10.3390/pathogens11050489

Assessment of Real-Time Quaking-Induced Conversion (RT-QuIC) Assay, Immunohistochemistry and ELISA for Detection of Chronic Wasting Disease under Field Conditions in White-Tailed Deer: A Bayesian Approach

Catalina Picasso-Risso, Marc D. Schwabenlander, Gage Rowden, Michelle Carstensen, Jason C. Bartz, Peter A. Larsen, Tiffany M. Wolf

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

4 Scopus citations

Abstract

Chronic wasting disease (CWD) is a transmissible prion disease of the cervidae family. ELISA and IHC tests performed postmortem on the medial retropharyngeal lymph nodes (RPLN) or obex are considered diagnostic gold standards for prion detection. However, differences in CWD transmission, stage of infection, pathogenesis, and strain can limit performance. To overcome these uncertainties, we used Bayesian statistics to assess the accuracy of RT-QuIC, an increasingly used prion amplification assay, to diagnose CWD on tonsil (TLN), parotid (PLN) and submandibular lymph nodes (SMLN), and ELISA/IHC on RPLN of white-tailed deer (WTD) sampled from Minnesota. Dichotomous RT-QuIC and ELISA/IHC results from wild (n = 61) and captive (n = 46) WTD were analyzed with two-dependent-test, one-population models. RT-QuIC performed on TLN and SMLN of the wild WTD population had similar sensitivity (median range (MR): 92.2–95.1) to ELISA/IHC on RPLN (MR: 91.1–92.3). Slightly lower (4–7%) sensitivity estimates were obtained from farmed animal and PLN models. RT-QuIC specificity estimates were high (MR: 94.5–98.5%) and similar to ELISA/IHC estimates (MR: 95.7–97.6%) in all models. This study offers new insights on RT-QuIC and ELISA/IHC performance at the population level and under field conditions, an important step in CWD diagnosis and management.

Original language	English (US)
Article number	489
Journal	Pathogens
Volume	11
Issue number	5
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens11050489
State	Published - May 2022

Bibliographical note

Funding Information:
This research was funded by the Minnesota State Legislature through the Rapid Agricultural Response Fund (RARF); Environment and Natural Resources Trust Fund through the recommendation of the Legislative-Citizen Commission on Minnesota Resources; University of Minnesota Office of the Vice President for Research. We thank the MNBAH staff, USDA staff at the National Veterinary Services Laboratory in Ames, Iowa, and Colorado State University Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory staff for kindly providing assistance with ELISA and IHC test results. We thank the Minnesota Supercomputing Institute for secure data storage of computational products stemming from our work. This project would not have been possible were it not for the collection of biological samples, and we are grateful to the University of Minnesota College of Veterinary Medicine staff, MNDNR Wildlife staff, MNBAH staff, and USDA APHIS Veterinary Services and Wildlife Services staff.

Funding Information:
Funding: This research was funded by the Minnesota State Legislature through the Rapid Agricultural Response Fund (RARF); Environment and Natural Resources Trust Fund through the recommendation of the Legislative-Citizen Commission on Minnesota Resources; University of Minnesota Office of the Vice President for Research.

Publisher Copyright:
© 2022 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.

Keywords

ELISA
diagnosis
gold standard
immunoassays
immunohistochemistry
latent class analysis
prion
real-time quaking-induced conversion
sensitivity
specificity

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Picasso-Risso, C., Schwabenlander, M. D., Rowden, G., Carstensen, M., Bartz, J. C., Larsen, P. A., & Wolf, T. M. (2022). Assessment of Real-Time Quaking-Induced Conversion (RT-QuIC) Assay, Immunohistochemistry and ELISA for Detection of Chronic Wasting Disease under Field Conditions in White-Tailed Deer: A Bayesian Approach. Pathogens, 11(5), Article 489. https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens11050489

Assessment of Real-Time Quaking-Induced Conversion (RT-QuIC) Assay, Immunohistochemistry and ELISA for Detection of Chronic Wasting Disease under Field Conditions in White-Tailed Deer: A Bayesian Approach. / Picasso-Risso, Catalina; Schwabenlander, Marc D.; Rowden, Gage et al.
In: Pathogens, Vol. 11, No. 5, 489, 05.2022.

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

Picasso-Risso, C, Schwabenlander, MD, Rowden, G, Carstensen, M, Bartz, JC, Larsen, PA & Wolf, TM 2022, 'Assessment of Real-Time Quaking-Induced Conversion (RT-QuIC) Assay, Immunohistochemistry and ELISA for Detection of Chronic Wasting Disease under Field Conditions in White-Tailed Deer: A Bayesian Approach', Pathogens, vol. 11, no. 5, 489. https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens11050489

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abstract = "Chronic wasting disease (CWD) is a transmissible prion disease of the cervidae family. ELISA and IHC tests performed postmortem on the medial retropharyngeal lymph nodes (RPLN) or obex are considered diagnostic gold standards for prion detection. However, differences in CWD transmission, stage of infection, pathogenesis, and strain can limit performance. To overcome these uncertainties, we used Bayesian statistics to assess the accuracy of RT-QuIC, an increasingly used prion amplification assay, to diagnose CWD on tonsil (TLN), parotid (PLN) and submandibular lymph nodes (SMLN), and ELISA/IHC on RPLN of white-tailed deer (WTD) sampled from Minnesota. Dichotomous RT-QuIC and ELISA/IHC results from wild (n = 61) and captive (n = 46) WTD were analyzed with two-dependent-test, one-population models. RT-QuIC performed on TLN and SMLN of the wild WTD population had similar sensitivity (median range (MR): 92.2–95.1) to ELISA/IHC on RPLN (MR: 91.1–92.3). Slightly lower (4–7%) sensitivity estimates were obtained from farmed animal and PLN models. RT-QuIC specificity estimates were high (MR: 94.5–98.5%) and similar to ELISA/IHC estimates (MR: 95.7–97.6%) in all models. This study offers new insights on RT-QuIC and ELISA/IHC performance at the population level and under field conditions, an important step in CWD diagnosis and management.",

keywords = "ELISA, diagnosis, gold standard, immunoassays, immunohistochemistry, latent class analysis, prion, real-time quaking-induced conversion, sensitivity, specificity",

author = "Catalina Picasso-Risso and Schwabenlander, {Marc D.} and Gage Rowden and Michelle Carstensen and Bartz, {Jason C.} and Larsen, {Peter A.} and Wolf, {Tiffany M.}",

note = "Funding Information: This research was funded by the Minnesota State Legislature through the Rapid Agricultural Response Fund (RARF); Environment and Natural Resources Trust Fund through the recommendation of the Legislative-Citizen Commission on Minnesota Resources; University of Minnesota Office of the Vice President for Research. We thank the MNBAH staff, USDA staff at the National Veterinary Services Laboratory in Ames, Iowa, and Colorado State University Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory staff for kindly providing assistance with ELISA and IHC test results. We thank the Minnesota Supercomputing Institute for secure data storage of computational products stemming from our work. This project would not have been possible were it not for the collection of biological samples, and we are grateful to the University of Minnesota College of Veterinary Medicine staff, MNDNR Wildlife staff, MNBAH staff, and USDA APHIS Veterinary Services and Wildlife Services staff. Funding Information: Funding: This research was funded by the Minnesota State Legislature through the Rapid Agricultural Response Fund (RARF); Environment and Natural Resources Trust Fund through the recommendation of the Legislative-Citizen Commission on Minnesota Resources; University of Minnesota Office of the Vice President for Research. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2022 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.",

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Assessment of Real-Time Quaking-Induced Conversion (RT-QuIC) Assay, Immunohistochemistry and ELISA for Detection of Chronic Wasting Disease under Field Conditions in White-Tailed Deer: A Bayesian Approach

Abstract

Bibliographical note

Keywords

PubMed: MeSH publication types

Access

OpenUrl availability

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Cite this