Abstract
The precise identification of loss of consciousness (LOC) is key to studying the effects of anesthetic drugs in neural systems. The standard behavioral assay for identifying LOC in rodents is the Loss of Righting Reflex (LORR), assessed by placing the animal in the supine position every minute until it fails to right itself. However, this assay cannot be used when the rodents are head-fixed, which limits the use of powerful techniques such as multi-electrode recordings, in vivo patch clamp, and neuronal imaging. In these situations, an alternative way to assess LOC is needed. We propose that loss of movement (LOM) in whiskers and paws of head-fixed animals can be used as an alternative behavioral assay in head-fixed animals. Unlike LORR, LOM in whiskers and paws is much harder to detect by visual inspection. Therefore, we developed a method to automatically assess for LOM of whiskers and paws in head fixed rodents during in vivo patch clamp recordings. Our method uses an algorithm based on optical flow and point-process filtering which can be run on images acquired on regular cameras at low frame-rates. We show that the algorithm can achieve at least comparable accuracy in detecting LOC when compared with consensus among human observers, as well as improved precision when compared with individual observers. In the future, we aim to to expand the method to detect more behavioral end-points during anesthesia such as paradoxical excitation. Eventually, we hope to enable multi-modal anesthesia studies, which incorporates behavioral and neurophysiological data.
Original language | English (US) |
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Title of host publication | 40th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society, EMBC 2018 |
Publisher | Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc. |
Pages | 730-733 |
Number of pages | 4 |
ISBN (Electronic) | 9781538636466 |
DOIs | |
State | Published - Oct 26 2018 |
Event | 40th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society, EMBC 2018 - Honolulu, United States Duration: Jul 18 2018 → Jul 21 2018 |
Publication series
Name | Proceedings of the Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society, EMBS |
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Volume | 2018-July |
ISSN (Print) | 1557-170X |
Other
Other | 40th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society, EMBC 2018 |
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Country/Territory | United States |
City | Honolulu |
Period | 7/18/18 → 7/21/18 |
Bibliographical note
Publisher Copyright:© 2018 IEEE.
Keywords
- anesthesia
- image feature extraction.
- motion detection
- optical flow
- point-process