CFD evaluation of drop retraction methods for the measurement of interfacial tension of surfactant-laden drops

Sachin Velankar; Hua Zhou; Hyun Kyoung Jeon; Chris Macosko

doi:10.1016/j.jcis.2003.09.030

CFD evaluation of drop retraction methods for the measurement of interfacial tension of surfactant-laden drops

Sachin Velankar, Hua Zhou, Hyun Kyoung Jeon, Chris Macosko

Chemical Engineering and Materials Science

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

33 Scopus citations

Abstract

Drop retraction methods are popular means of measuring the interfacial tension between immiscible polymers. Experiments show that two different drop retraction methods, imbedded fiber retraction (IFR) and deformed drop retraction (DDR), give inconsistent results when a surfactant is present on the surface of the drop. These inconsistencies are deemed to be due to dilution of the surfactant and due to gradients in interfacial concentration of surfactant along the drop surface. This physical picture is quantified for the simple case of a Newtonian drop in a Newtonian matrix, with an insoluble, nondiffusive surfactant at the interface. The drop is deformed in computational fluid dynamics simulations by shearing the matrix, and then allowed to retract. Dilution and interfacial tension gradients effects are found to be especially large at the early stages of retraction, making IFR unsuitable for measuring the interfacial tension of surfactant-laden interfaces. The effects of surfactant dilution and gradients are found to persist even at late stages of retraction, causing the DDR method to underestimate the equilibrium interfacial tension significantly. The largest underestimates occur when the drop viscosity is lower than the matrix viscosity.

Original language	English (US)
Pages (from-to)	172-185
Number of pages	14
Journal	Journal of Colloid And Interface Science
Volume	272
Issue number	1
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcis.2003.09.030
State	Published - Apr 1 2004

Bibliographical note

Funding Information:
This work was supported in part by the MRSEC Program of the National Science Foundation under Award DMR-0212302. Additional support was provided by a research Grant (DAAD-19-99-1-0337) from the Army Research Office and from the Industrial Partnership for Research in Interfacial and Materials Engineering (IPRIME: www.iprime.umn.edu ). The authors thank the Supercomputing Institute and the Institute for Mathematics and its Applications (IMA) at the University of Minnesota for computer time. The authors are grateful to Dr. Vittorio Cristini and Dr. John Lowengrub for invaluable discussions.

Keywords

Adaptive remeshing
Compatibilizer
Drop retraction
Fiber retraction
Interfacial tension
Marangoni stress
Surfactant

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abstract = "Drop retraction methods are popular means of measuring the interfacial tension between immiscible polymers. Experiments show that two different drop retraction methods, imbedded fiber retraction (IFR) and deformed drop retraction (DDR), give inconsistent results when a surfactant is present on the surface of the drop. These inconsistencies are deemed to be due to dilution of the surfactant and due to gradients in interfacial concentration of surfactant along the drop surface. This physical picture is quantified for the simple case of a Newtonian drop in a Newtonian matrix, with an insoluble, nondiffusive surfactant at the interface. The drop is deformed in computational fluid dynamics simulations by shearing the matrix, and then allowed to retract. Dilution and interfacial tension gradients effects are found to be especially large at the early stages of retraction, making IFR unsuitable for measuring the interfacial tension of surfactant-laden interfaces. The effects of surfactant dilution and gradients are found to persist even at late stages of retraction, causing the DDR method to underestimate the equilibrium interfacial tension significantly. The largest underestimates occur when the drop viscosity is lower than the matrix viscosity.",

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author = "Sachin Velankar and Hua Zhou and Jeon, {Hyun Kyoung} and Chris Macosko",

note = "Funding Information: This work was supported in part by the MRSEC Program of the National Science Foundation under Award DMR-0212302. Additional support was provided by a research Grant (DAAD-19-99-1-0337) from the Army Research Office and from the Industrial Partnership for Research in Interfacial and Materials Engineering (IPRIME: www.iprime.umn.edu ). The authors thank the Supercomputing Institute and the Institute for Mathematics and its Applications (IMA) at the University of Minnesota for computer time. The authors are grateful to Dr. Vittorio Cristini and Dr. John Lowengrub for invaluable discussions. ",

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N2 - Drop retraction methods are popular means of measuring the interfacial tension between immiscible polymers. Experiments show that two different drop retraction methods, imbedded fiber retraction (IFR) and deformed drop retraction (DDR), give inconsistent results when a surfactant is present on the surface of the drop. These inconsistencies are deemed to be due to dilution of the surfactant and due to gradients in interfacial concentration of surfactant along the drop surface. This physical picture is quantified for the simple case of a Newtonian drop in a Newtonian matrix, with an insoluble, nondiffusive surfactant at the interface. The drop is deformed in computational fluid dynamics simulations by shearing the matrix, and then allowed to retract. Dilution and interfacial tension gradients effects are found to be especially large at the early stages of retraction, making IFR unsuitable for measuring the interfacial tension of surfactant-laden interfaces. The effects of surfactant dilution and gradients are found to persist even at late stages of retraction, causing the DDR method to underestimate the equilibrium interfacial tension significantly. The largest underestimates occur when the drop viscosity is lower than the matrix viscosity.

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CFD evaluation of drop retraction methods for the measurement of interfacial tension of surfactant-laden drops

Abstract

Bibliographical note

Keywords

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