Changes in body composition over 8 years in a randomized trial of a lifestyle intervention: The look AHEAD study

Henry J. Pownall; George A. Bray; Lynne E. Wagenknecht; Michael P. Walkup; Stanley Heshka; Van S. Hubbard; James Hill; Steven E. Kahn; David M. Nathan; Anne V. Schwartz; Karen C. Johnson; Frederick L. Brancati; Lee Swartz; Lawrence Cheskin; Jeanne M. Clark; Kerry Stewart; Richard Rubin; Jean Arceci; Suzanne Ball; Jeanne Charleston; Danielle Diggins; Mia Johnson; Joyce Lambert; Kathy Michalski; Dawn Jiggetts; Chanchai Sapun; George A. Bray; Allison Strate; Frank L. Greenway; Donna H. Ryan; Donald Williamson; Timothy Church; Catherine Champagne; Valerie Myers; Jennifer Arceneaux; Kristi Rau; Michelle Begnaud; Barbara Cerniauskas; Crystal Duncan; Helen Guay; Carolyn Johnson; Lisa Jones; Kim Landry; Missy Lingle; Jennifer Perault; Cindy Puckett; Marisa Smith; Lauren Cox; Tricia Skarphol; Richard S. Crow; Look AHEAD Research Group

doi:10.1002/oby.21005

Changes in body composition over 8 years in a randomized trial of a lifestyle intervention: The look AHEAD study

Henry J. Pownall, George A. Bray, Lynne E. Wagenknecht, Michael P. Walkup, Stanley Heshka, Van S. Hubbard, James Hill, Steven E. Kahn, David M. Nathan, Anne V. Schwartz, Karen C. Johnson, Frederick L. Brancati, Lee Swartz, Lawrence Cheskin, Jeanne M. Clark, Kerry Stewart, Richard Rubin, Jean Arceci, Suzanne Ball, Jeanne CharlestonDanielle Diggins, Mia Johnson, Joyce Lambert, Kathy Michalski, Dawn Jiggetts, Chanchai Sapun, George A. Bray, Allison Strate, Frank L. Greenway, Donna H. Ryan, Donald Williamson, Timothy Church, Catherine Champagne, Valerie Myers, Jennifer Arceneaux, Kristi Rau, Michelle Begnaud, Barbara Cerniauskas, Crystal Duncan, Helen Guay, Carolyn Johnson, Lisa Jones, Kim Landry, Missy Lingle, Jennifer Perault, Cindy Puckett, Marisa Smith, Lauren Cox, Tricia Skarphol, Richard S. Crow, Look AHEAD Research Group

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

51 Scopus citations

Abstract

Objective To determine the effects of an intensive lifestyle intervention versus a comparison group on body composition in obese or overweight persons with type 2 diabetes at baseline and at 1, 4, and 8 years. Methods Body composition was measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry in a subset of 1019 Look AHEAD study volunteers randomized to intervention or comparison groups. The intervention was designed to achieve and maintain ≥7% weight loss through increased physical activity and reduced caloric intake. The comparison group received social support and diabetes education. Results At 1 year, the intervention group lost fat (5.6 ± 0.2 kg) and lean mass (2.3 ± 0.1 kg) but regained fat (∼100%) and lost lean mass between years 1 and 8. Between baseline and year 8, weight loss was greater in intervention versus comparison groups (4.0 ± 0.4 vs. 2.3 ± 0.4 kg); comparison group weight loss was mostly lean mass (2.1 ± 0.17 kg). Fat mass in the intervention group was lower than that of the comparison group at all post-baseline time points. Conclusions Reduced fat mass may place the intervention group at a lower risk of obesity-linked sequelae, a hypothesis that can be tested by future studies of this cohort.

Original language	English (US)
Pages (from-to)	565-572
Number of pages	8
Journal	Obesity
Volume	23
Issue number	3
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1002/oby.21005
State	Published - Mar 1 2015

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Publisher Copyright:
© 2015 The Obesity Society.

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Pownall, H. J., Bray, G. A., Wagenknecht, L. E., Walkup, M. P., Heshka, S., Hubbard, V. S., Hill, J., Kahn, S. E., Nathan, D. M., Schwartz, A. V., Johnson, K. C., Brancati, F. L., Swartz, L., Cheskin, L., Clark, J. M., Stewart, K., Rubin, R., Arceci, J., Ball, S., ... Look AHEAD Research Group (2015). Changes in body composition over 8 years in a randomized trial of a lifestyle intervention: The look AHEAD study. Obesity, 23(3), 565-572. https://doi.org/10.1002/oby.21005

Pownall, HJ, Bray, GA, Wagenknecht, LE, Walkup, MP, Heshka, S, Hubbard, VS, Hill, J, Kahn, SE, Nathan, DM, Schwartz, AV, Johnson, KC, Brancati, FL, Swartz, L, Cheskin, L, Clark, JM, Stewart, K, Rubin, R, Arceci, J, Ball, S, Charleston, J, Diggins, D, Johnson, M, Lambert, J, Michalski, K, Jiggetts, D, Sapun, C, Bray, GA, Strate, A, Greenway, FL, Ryan, DH, Williamson, D, Church, T, Champagne, C, Myers, V, Arceneaux, J, Rau, K, Begnaud, M, Cerniauskas, B, Duncan, C, Guay, H, Johnson, C, Jones, L, Landry, K, Lingle, M, Perault, J, Puckett, C, Smith, M, Cox, L, Skarphol, T, Crow, RS & Look AHEAD Research Group 2015, 'Changes in body composition over 8 years in a randomized trial of a lifestyle intervention: The look AHEAD study', Obesity, vol. 23, no. 3, pp. 565-572. https://doi.org/10.1002/oby.21005

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title = "Changes in body composition over 8 years in a randomized trial of a lifestyle intervention: The look AHEAD study",

abstract = "Objective To determine the effects of an intensive lifestyle intervention versus a comparison group on body composition in obese or overweight persons with type 2 diabetes at baseline and at 1, 4, and 8 years. Methods Body composition was measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry in a subset of 1019 Look AHEAD study volunteers randomized to intervention or comparison groups. The intervention was designed to achieve and maintain ≥7% weight loss through increased physical activity and reduced caloric intake. The comparison group received social support and diabetes education. Results At 1 year, the intervention group lost fat (5.6 ± 0.2 kg) and lean mass (2.3 ± 0.1 kg) but regained fat (∼100%) and lost lean mass between years 1 and 8. Between baseline and year 8, weight loss was greater in intervention versus comparison groups (4.0 ± 0.4 vs. 2.3 ± 0.4 kg); comparison group weight loss was mostly lean mass (2.1 ± 0.17 kg). Fat mass in the intervention group was lower than that of the comparison group at all post-baseline time points. Conclusions Reduced fat mass may place the intervention group at a lower risk of obesity-linked sequelae, a hypothesis that can be tested by future studies of this cohort.",

author = "Pownall, {Henry J.} and Bray, {George A.} and Wagenknecht, {Lynne E.} and Walkup, {Michael P.} and Stanley Heshka and Hubbard, {Van S.} and James Hill and Kahn, {Steven E.} and Nathan, {David M.} and Schwartz, {Anne V.} and Johnson, {Karen C.} and Brancati, {Frederick L.} and Lee Swartz and Lawrence Cheskin and Clark, {Jeanne M.} and Kerry Stewart and Richard Rubin and Jean Arceci and Suzanne Ball and Jeanne Charleston and Danielle Diggins and Mia Johnson and Joyce Lambert and Kathy Michalski and Dawn Jiggetts and Chanchai Sapun and Bray, {George A.} and Allison Strate and Greenway, {Frank L.} and Ryan, {Donna H.} and Donald Williamson and Timothy Church and Catherine Champagne and Valerie Myers and Jennifer Arceneaux and Kristi Rau and Michelle Begnaud and Barbara Cerniauskas and Crystal Duncan and Helen Guay and Carolyn Johnson and Lisa Jones and Kim Landry and Missy Lingle and Jennifer Perault and Cindy Puckett and Marisa Smith and Lauren Cox and Tricia Skarphol and Crow, {Richard S.} and {Look AHEAD Research Group}",

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AU - Pownall, Henry J.

AU - Bray, George A.

AU - Wagenknecht, Lynne E.

AU - Walkup, Michael P.

AU - Heshka, Stanley

AU - Hubbard, Van S.

AU - Hill, James

AU - Kahn, Steven E.

AU - Nathan, David M.

AU - Schwartz, Anne V.

AU - Johnson, Karen C.

AU - Brancati, Frederick L.

AU - Swartz, Lee

AU - Cheskin, Lawrence

AU - Clark, Jeanne M.

AU - Stewart, Kerry

AU - Rubin, Richard

AU - Arceci, Jean

AU - Ball, Suzanne

AU - Charleston, Jeanne

AU - Diggins, Danielle

AU - Johnson, Mia

AU - Lambert, Joyce

AU - Michalski, Kathy

AU - Jiggetts, Dawn

AU - Sapun, Chanchai

AU - Bray, George A.

AU - Strate, Allison

AU - Greenway, Frank L.

AU - Ryan, Donna H.

AU - Williamson, Donald

AU - Church, Timothy

AU - Champagne, Catherine

AU - Myers, Valerie

AU - Arceneaux, Jennifer

AU - Rau, Kristi

AU - Begnaud, Michelle

AU - Cerniauskas, Barbara

AU - Duncan, Crystal

AU - Guay, Helen

AU - Johnson, Carolyn

AU - Jones, Lisa

AU - Landry, Kim

AU - Lingle, Missy

AU - Perault, Jennifer

AU - Puckett, Cindy

AU - Smith, Marisa

AU - Cox, Lauren

AU - Skarphol, Tricia

AU - Crow, Richard S.

AU - Look AHEAD Research Group

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N2 - Objective To determine the effects of an intensive lifestyle intervention versus a comparison group on body composition in obese or overweight persons with type 2 diabetes at baseline and at 1, 4, and 8 years. Methods Body composition was measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry in a subset of 1019 Look AHEAD study volunteers randomized to intervention or comparison groups. The intervention was designed to achieve and maintain ≥7% weight loss through increased physical activity and reduced caloric intake. The comparison group received social support and diabetes education. Results At 1 year, the intervention group lost fat (5.6 ± 0.2 kg) and lean mass (2.3 ± 0.1 kg) but regained fat (∼100%) and lost lean mass between years 1 and 8. Between baseline and year 8, weight loss was greater in intervention versus comparison groups (4.0 ± 0.4 vs. 2.3 ± 0.4 kg); comparison group weight loss was mostly lean mass (2.1 ± 0.17 kg). Fat mass in the intervention group was lower than that of the comparison group at all post-baseline time points. Conclusions Reduced fat mass may place the intervention group at a lower risk of obesity-linked sequelae, a hypothesis that can be tested by future studies of this cohort.

AB - Objective To determine the effects of an intensive lifestyle intervention versus a comparison group on body composition in obese or overweight persons with type 2 diabetes at baseline and at 1, 4, and 8 years. Methods Body composition was measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry in a subset of 1019 Look AHEAD study volunteers randomized to intervention or comparison groups. The intervention was designed to achieve and maintain ≥7% weight loss through increased physical activity and reduced caloric intake. The comparison group received social support and diabetes education. Results At 1 year, the intervention group lost fat (5.6 ± 0.2 kg) and lean mass (2.3 ± 0.1 kg) but regained fat (∼100%) and lost lean mass between years 1 and 8. Between baseline and year 8, weight loss was greater in intervention versus comparison groups (4.0 ± 0.4 vs. 2.3 ± 0.4 kg); comparison group weight loss was mostly lean mass (2.1 ± 0.17 kg). Fat mass in the intervention group was lower than that of the comparison group at all post-baseline time points. Conclusions Reduced fat mass may place the intervention group at a lower risk of obesity-linked sequelae, a hypothesis that can be tested by future studies of this cohort.

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Changes in body composition over 8 years in a randomized trial of a lifestyle intervention: The look AHEAD study

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