TY - JOUR
T1 - “CHOICES”
T2 - An acronym to aid in delineating potential causes of non-metabolic, non-infectious acute toxic leukoencephalopathy
AU - Koksel, Yasemin
AU - Ozutemiz, Can
AU - Rykken, Jeffrey B
AU - Ott, Frederick W
AU - Cayci, Zuzan
AU - Oswood, Mark
AU - McKinney, Alexander M
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2019
PY - 2019
Y1 - 2019
N2 - Purpose: To describe non-metabolic, non-infectious etiologies of acute toxic leukoencephalopathy (ATL) on DWI MRI, and provide a useful acronym to remember them. Material and Methods: Our PACS archive was reviewed, yielding 185 patients with suspected ATL per MRI reports and clinical follow up; infectious or metabolic causes were excluded. Result/Discussion: The 87 included non-infectious, non-metabolic ATL patients' etiologies are represented by the acronym 'CHOICES': chemotherapy ('C',n = 34); heroin-induced ('H',n = 6), opioid analogues ('O',n = 14); immunosuppressant ('I',n = 11) or imidazole (n = 2); cocaine ('C',n = 1); environmental or ethanol abuse ('E',n = 5), splenial lesions ('S',n = 9), and 'other' (n = 5). Conclusion: The “CHOICES” acronym delineates various toxic etiologies of ATL.
AB - Purpose: To describe non-metabolic, non-infectious etiologies of acute toxic leukoencephalopathy (ATL) on DWI MRI, and provide a useful acronym to remember them. Material and Methods: Our PACS archive was reviewed, yielding 185 patients with suspected ATL per MRI reports and clinical follow up; infectious or metabolic causes were excluded. Result/Discussion: The 87 included non-infectious, non-metabolic ATL patients' etiologies are represented by the acronym 'CHOICES': chemotherapy ('C',n = 34); heroin-induced ('H',n = 6), opioid analogues ('O',n = 14); immunosuppressant ('I',n = 11) or imidazole (n = 2); cocaine ('C',n = 1); environmental or ethanol abuse ('E',n = 5), splenial lesions ('S',n = 9), and 'other' (n = 5). Conclusion: The “CHOICES” acronym delineates various toxic etiologies of ATL.
KW - Acute toxic leukoencephalopathy
KW - Diffusion-Weighted imaging
KW - Periventricular white matter
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U2 - 10.1016/j.ejro.2019.06.005
DO - 10.1016/j.ejro.2019.06.005
M3 - Review article
C2 - 31309133
AN - SCOPUS:85067842993
SN - 2352-0477
VL - 6
SP - 243
EP - 257
JO - European Journal of Radiology Open
JF - European Journal of Radiology Open
ER -