TY - JOUR
T1 - Developing a novel assessment of interpretation flexibility
T2 - Reliability, validity and clinical implications
AU - Deng, Wisteria
AU - Everaert, Jonas
AU - Creighton, Mackenzie
AU - Bronstein, Michael V.
AU - Cannon, Tyrone
AU - Joormann, Jutta
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2022 Elsevier Ltd
PY - 2022/5
Y1 - 2022/5
N2 - Interpretation bias and inflexibility have been implicated in a wide range of psychopathologies, including affective disorders and disorders involving persecutory ideation. Existing tasks that measure both interpretation bias and inflexibility (which is essential as bias can make individuals appear inflexible) rely heavily on verbal stimuli, which may be suboptimal for certain applications, including neuroimaging and developmental studies. To overcome these limitations, a picture-based task, the Interpretation Inflexibility Task (IIT) was developed to simultaneously assess interpretation bias and inflexibility. The present manuscript demonstrates the strong convergent validity of the IIT and an existing, verbal measure of interpretation bias and inflexibility (the Emotional BADE task), in a general population sample (N = 247). Across both tasks, inflexible negative interpretations (above and beyond interpretation bias) were associated with symptoms of depression, social anxiety, and paranoia. The consistency of this association across stimulus modalities suggests the existence of higher-level cognitive deficits that increase interpretation inflexibility and thereby increase risk for both affective and psychotic symptoms. The IIT provides an innovative and reliable paradigm to investigate this transdiagnostic factor, particularly given its superior suitability for neuroimaging studies.
AB - Interpretation bias and inflexibility have been implicated in a wide range of psychopathologies, including affective disorders and disorders involving persecutory ideation. Existing tasks that measure both interpretation bias and inflexibility (which is essential as bias can make individuals appear inflexible) rely heavily on verbal stimuli, which may be suboptimal for certain applications, including neuroimaging and developmental studies. To overcome these limitations, a picture-based task, the Interpretation Inflexibility Task (IIT) was developed to simultaneously assess interpretation bias and inflexibility. The present manuscript demonstrates the strong convergent validity of the IIT and an existing, verbal measure of interpretation bias and inflexibility (the Emotional BADE task), in a general population sample (N = 247). Across both tasks, inflexible negative interpretations (above and beyond interpretation bias) were associated with symptoms of depression, social anxiety, and paranoia. The consistency of this association across stimulus modalities suggests the existence of higher-level cognitive deficits that increase interpretation inflexibility and thereby increase risk for both affective and psychotic symptoms. The IIT provides an innovative and reliable paradigm to investigate this transdiagnostic factor, particularly given its superior suitability for neuroimaging studies.
KW - Belief revision
KW - Interpretation bias
KW - Interpretation flexibility
KW - Psychometrics
KW - Transdiagnostic
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U2 - 10.1016/j.paid.2022.111548
DO - 10.1016/j.paid.2022.111548
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85124403423
SN - 0191-8869
VL - 190
JO - Personality and Individual Differences
JF - Personality and Individual Differences
M1 - 111548
ER -