TY - JOUR
T1 - Diet patterns and the incidence of age-related macular degeneration in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) study
AU - Dighe, Shruti
AU - Zhao, Jiwei
AU - Steffen, Lyn
AU - Mares, J. A.
AU - Meuer, Stacy M.
AU - Klein, Barbara E.K.
AU - Klein, Ronald
AU - Millen, Amy E.
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2019. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ.
PY - 2020/8/1
Y1 - 2020/8/1
N2 - Background Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is the leading cause of irreversible vision loss among the elderly. Objective This study aimed to determine the association between dietary patterns and food groups (used to make them) with the 18-year incidence of AMD. Methods ARIC (Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities) participants who showed change in AMD lesions between retinal photographs taken at visit 3 and visit 5 were graded side by side to determine incident AMD (any=144; early=117; late=27). A 66-line item food frequency questionnaire, administered at visit 1 and visit 3, was used to identify 29 food groups. Principal component analysis was used to derive dietary patterns from average food group servings. Logistic regression was used to estimate ORs and 95% CIs for incident AMD (any, early and late) by tertiles of dietary pattern scores, adjusted for age, race, education, total calories and smoking status. P-trend was estimated using continuous scores. Results Western (unhealthy) and Prudent (healthy) dietary patterns were identified. No significant associations were observed between either dietary pattern and incident any or incident early AMD. However, a threefold higher incidence of late AMD was observed among participants with a Western pattern score above, as compared with below, the median (OR=3.44 (95% CI 1.33 to 8.87), p-trend=0.014). The risk of developing late AMD was decreased, but not statistically significant, among participants with a Prudent pattern score above, as compared with below, the median (OR=0.51 (95% CI 0.22 to 1.18), p-trend=0.054). Conclusions Diet patterns were not significantly associated with incident any or incident early AMD. However, consumption of a Western pattern diet may be a risk factor for development of late AMD.
AB - Background Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is the leading cause of irreversible vision loss among the elderly. Objective This study aimed to determine the association between dietary patterns and food groups (used to make them) with the 18-year incidence of AMD. Methods ARIC (Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities) participants who showed change in AMD lesions between retinal photographs taken at visit 3 and visit 5 were graded side by side to determine incident AMD (any=144; early=117; late=27). A 66-line item food frequency questionnaire, administered at visit 1 and visit 3, was used to identify 29 food groups. Principal component analysis was used to derive dietary patterns from average food group servings. Logistic regression was used to estimate ORs and 95% CIs for incident AMD (any, early and late) by tertiles of dietary pattern scores, adjusted for age, race, education, total calories and smoking status. P-trend was estimated using continuous scores. Results Western (unhealthy) and Prudent (healthy) dietary patterns were identified. No significant associations were observed between either dietary pattern and incident any or incident early AMD. However, a threefold higher incidence of late AMD was observed among participants with a Western pattern score above, as compared with below, the median (OR=3.44 (95% CI 1.33 to 8.87), p-trend=0.014). The risk of developing late AMD was decreased, but not statistically significant, among participants with a Prudent pattern score above, as compared with below, the median (OR=0.51 (95% CI 0.22 to 1.18), p-trend=0.054). Conclusions Diet patterns were not significantly associated with incident any or incident early AMD. However, consumption of a Western pattern diet may be a risk factor for development of late AMD.
KW - Prudent pattern
KW - Western pattern
KW - dietary patterns
KW - food groups
KW - incident age-related macular degeneration
KW - late age-related macular degeneration
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U2 - 10.1136/bjophthalmol-2019-314813
DO - 10.1136/bjophthalmol-2019-314813
M3 - Article
C2 - 31810976
AN - SCOPUS:85076281955
SN - 0007-1161
VL - 104
SP - 1070
EP - 1076
JO - British Journal of Ophthalmology
JF - British Journal of Ophthalmology
IS - 8
ER -