TY - JOUR
T1 - Differential Role of B Cells and IL-17 Versus IFN-γ during Early and Late Rejection of Pig Islet Xenografts in Mice
AU - Kang, Hee Kap
AU - Wang, Shusen
AU - Dangi, Anil
AU - Zhang, Xiaomin
AU - Singh, Amar
AU - Zhang, Lei
AU - Rosati, James M.
AU - Suarez-Pinzon, Wilma
AU - Deng, Xuelian
AU - Chen, Xiaoyan
AU - Thorp, Edward B.
AU - Hering, Bernhard J.
AU - Miller, Stephen D.
AU - Luo, Xunrong
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2017 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc.
PY - 2017/8/1
Y1 - 2017/8/1
N2 - Xenogeneic islet transplantation is an emerging therapeutic option for diabetic patients. However, immunological tolerance to xenogeneic islets remains a challenge. Methods The current study used a pig-to-mouse discordant xenogeneic islet transplant model to examine antidonor xenogeneic immune responses during early and late rejection and to determine experimental therapeutic interventions that promote durable pig islet xenograft survival. Results We found that during early acute rejection of pig islet xenografts, the rejecting hosts exhibited a heavy graft infiltration with B220+ B cells and a robust antipig antibody production. In addition, early donor-stimulated IL-17 production, but not IFN-γ production, dominated during early acute rejection. Recipient treatment with donor apoptotic 1-ethyl-3-(3′-dimethylaminopropyl)-carbodiimide-treated splenocytes significantly inhibited antidonor IL-17 response, and when combined with B cell depletion and a short course of rapamycin led to survival of pig islet xenografts beyond 100 days in approximately 65% recipients. Interestingly, treated recipients in this model experienced late rejection between 100 and 200 days posttransplant, which coincided with B cell reconstitution and an ensuing emergence of a robust antidonor IFN-γ, but not IL-17, response. Conclusions These findings reveal that early and late rejection of pig islet xenografts may be dominated by different immune responses and that maintenance of long-term xenogeneic tolerance will require strategies that target the temporal sequence of antixenogeneic immune responses.
AB - Xenogeneic islet transplantation is an emerging therapeutic option for diabetic patients. However, immunological tolerance to xenogeneic islets remains a challenge. Methods The current study used a pig-to-mouse discordant xenogeneic islet transplant model to examine antidonor xenogeneic immune responses during early and late rejection and to determine experimental therapeutic interventions that promote durable pig islet xenograft survival. Results We found that during early acute rejection of pig islet xenografts, the rejecting hosts exhibited a heavy graft infiltration with B220+ B cells and a robust antipig antibody production. In addition, early donor-stimulated IL-17 production, but not IFN-γ production, dominated during early acute rejection. Recipient treatment with donor apoptotic 1-ethyl-3-(3′-dimethylaminopropyl)-carbodiimide-treated splenocytes significantly inhibited antidonor IL-17 response, and when combined with B cell depletion and a short course of rapamycin led to survival of pig islet xenografts beyond 100 days in approximately 65% recipients. Interestingly, treated recipients in this model experienced late rejection between 100 and 200 days posttransplant, which coincided with B cell reconstitution and an ensuing emergence of a robust antidonor IFN-γ, but not IL-17, response. Conclusions These findings reveal that early and late rejection of pig islet xenografts may be dominated by different immune responses and that maintenance of long-term xenogeneic tolerance will require strategies that target the temporal sequence of antixenogeneic immune responses.
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U2 - 10.1097/TP.0000000000001489
DO - 10.1097/TP.0000000000001489
M3 - Article
C2 - 27893617
AN - SCOPUS:84997703650
SN - 0041-1337
VL - 101
SP - 1801
EP - 1810
JO - Transplantation
JF - Transplantation
IS - 8
ER -