Executive function and education

Executive function (EF) skills provide a foundation for learning and classroom success. This chapter provides an overview of EF skills, factors that influence their development, and practices teachers can use to promote EF skills in their students. Although EF skills are influenced by factors outside of the classroom, being aware of those factors can help teachers organize their classroom and adjust instruction in such a way as to promote EF skill growth in their students. In particular, practices such as scaffolded pretend play and activities that support reflection (e.g., mindfulness) appear to be especially effective in promoting strong EF skills.