TY - JOUR
T1 - Exploring additives beyond phthalates
T2 - Release from plastic mulching films, biodegradation and occurrence in agricultural soils
AU - Xu, Yiwen
AU - Xiong, Boya
AU - Huang, Yu ming M.
AU - Xu, Jianming
AU - He, Yan
AU - Lu, Zhijiang
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2024 Elsevier B.V.
PY - 2024/3/25
Y1 - 2024/3/25
N2 - It is widely recognized that applications of plastic films result in plastic pollution in agroecosystems. However, there is limited knowledge on the release and occurrence of additives beyond phthalates in agricultural soil. In this study, the rates of release and biodegradation of various additives, including phthalates, bisphenols, organophosphate esters, phenolic antioxidants, and ultraviolet absorbents from mulching films in soil were quantified by laboratory incubation. The rates of release and biodegradation ranged from 0.069 d−1 to 5.893 d−1 and from 1.43 × 10−3 d−1 to 0.600 d−1, respectively. Both of these rates were affected by temperature, flooding, and the properties of additives, films, and soils. An estimated 4000 metric tons of these additives were released into soil annually in China exclusively. The total concentrations of these additives in 80 agricultural soils varied between 228 and 3455 μg kg−1, with phenolic antioxidants, phthalates, and bisphenols accounting for 54.1%, 25.2%, and 17.9% of the total concentrations, respectively. A preliminary risk assessment suggested that the current levels of these additives could potentially present moderate hazards to the soil ecosystem.
AB - It is widely recognized that applications of plastic films result in plastic pollution in agroecosystems. However, there is limited knowledge on the release and occurrence of additives beyond phthalates in agricultural soil. In this study, the rates of release and biodegradation of various additives, including phthalates, bisphenols, organophosphate esters, phenolic antioxidants, and ultraviolet absorbents from mulching films in soil were quantified by laboratory incubation. The rates of release and biodegradation ranged from 0.069 d−1 to 5.893 d−1 and from 1.43 × 10−3 d−1 to 0.600 d−1, respectively. Both of these rates were affected by temperature, flooding, and the properties of additives, films, and soils. An estimated 4000 metric tons of these additives were released into soil annually in China exclusively. The total concentrations of these additives in 80 agricultural soils varied between 228 and 3455 μg kg−1, with phenolic antioxidants, phthalates, and bisphenols accounting for 54.1%, 25.2%, and 17.9% of the total concentrations, respectively. A preliminary risk assessment suggested that the current levels of these additives could potentially present moderate hazards to the soil ecosystem.
KW - Agroecosystem
KW - Biodegradation
KW - Mulching film
KW - Phthalate
KW - Plastic additive
KW - Release
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85184808188&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=85184808188&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.170763
DO - 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.170763
M3 - Article
C2 - 38336072
AN - SCOPUS:85184808188
SN - 0048-9697
VL - 918
JO - Science of the Total Environment
JF - Science of the Total Environment
M1 - 170763
ER -