Fusarium head blight resistance exacerbates nutritional loss of wheat grain at elevated CO2

William T. Hay; James A. Anderson; Susan P. McCormick; Milagros P. Hojilla-Evangelista; Gordon W. Selling; Kelly D. Utt; Michael J. Bowman; Kenneth M. Doll; Kim L. Ascherl; Mark A. Berhow; Martha M. Vaughan

doi:10.1038/s41598-021-03890-9

Fusarium head blight resistance exacerbates nutritional loss of wheat grain at elevated CO₂

William T. Hay, James A. Anderson, Susan P. McCormick, Milagros P. Hojilla-Evangelista, Gordon W. Selling, Kelly D. Utt, Michael J. Bowman, Kenneth M. Doll, Kim L. Ascherl, Mark A. Berhow, Martha M. Vaughan

Agronomy and Plant Genetics

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

10 Scopus citations

Abstract

The nutritional integrity of wheat is jeopardized by rapidly rising atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO₂) and the associated emergence and enhanced virulence of plant pathogens. To evaluate how disease resistance traits may impact wheat climate resilience, 15 wheat cultivars with varying levels of resistance to Fusarium Head Blight (FHB) were grown at ambient and elevated CO₂. Although all wheat cultivars had increased yield when grown at elevated CO₂, the nutritional contents of FHB moderately resistant (MR) cultivars were impacted more than susceptible cultivars_. At elevated CO₂, the MR cultivars had more significant differences in plant growth, grain protein, starch, fructan, and macro and micro-nutrient content compared with susceptible wheat. Furthermore, changes in protein, starch, phosphorus, and magnesium content were correlated with the cultivar FHB resistance rating, with more FHB resistant cultivars having greater changes in nutrient content. This is the first report of a correlation between the degree of plant pathogen resistance and grain nutritional content loss in response to elevated CO₂. Our results demonstrate the importance of identifying wheat cultivars that can maintain nutritional integrity and FHB resistance in future atmospheric CO₂ conditions.

Original language	English (US)
Article number	15
Journal	Scientific reports
Volume	12
Issue number	1
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-03890-9
State	Published - Dec 2022

Bibliographical note

Funding Information:
This work was funded by the United States Department of Agriculture. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this publication is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the U.S. Department of Agriculture. Authors have no conflicts of interest to declare. USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer.

Funding Information:
We would like to thank Erin Walter for ICP analysis and instrument calibration. Victoria Nguyen for the sample preparation and analysis of grain starch and fructan content. Nathan Kemp, Jennifer Teresi, and Keegan McConnel for plant care, growth chamber monitoring, and grain harvest. Finally, Gary Grose, for assistance in grain compositional analysis. This work was supported by the U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service.

Publisher Copyright:
© 2022, The Author(s).

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Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.

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title = "Fusarium head blight resistance exacerbates nutritional loss of wheat grain at elevated CO2",

abstract = "The nutritional integrity of wheat is jeopardized by rapidly rising atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) and the associated emergence and enhanced virulence of plant pathogens. To evaluate how disease resistance traits may impact wheat climate resilience, 15 wheat cultivars with varying levels of resistance to Fusarium Head Blight (FHB) were grown at ambient and elevated CO2. Although all wheat cultivars had increased yield when grown at elevated CO2, the nutritional contents of FHB moderately resistant (MR) cultivars were impacted more than susceptible cultivars. At elevated CO2, the MR cultivars had more significant differences in plant growth, grain protein, starch, fructan, and macro and micro-nutrient content compared with susceptible wheat. Furthermore, changes in protein, starch, phosphorus, and magnesium content were correlated with the cultivar FHB resistance rating, with more FHB resistant cultivars having greater changes in nutrient content. This is the first report of a correlation between the degree of plant pathogen resistance and grain nutritional content loss in response to elevated CO2. Our results demonstrate the importance of identifying wheat cultivars that can maintain nutritional integrity and FHB resistance in future atmospheric CO2 conditions.",

author = "Hay, {William T.} and Anderson, {James A.} and McCormick, {Susan P.} and Hojilla-Evangelista, {Milagros P.} and Selling, {Gordon W.} and Utt, {Kelly D.} and Bowman, {Michael J.} and Doll, {Kenneth M.} and Ascherl, {Kim L.} and Berhow, {Mark A.} and Vaughan, {Martha M.}",

note = "Funding Information: This work was funded by the United States Department of Agriculture. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this publication is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the U.S. Department of Agriculture. Authors have no conflicts of interest to declare. USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. Funding Information: We would like to thank Erin Walter for ICP analysis and instrument calibration. Victoria Nguyen for the sample preparation and analysis of grain starch and fructan content. Nathan Kemp, Jennifer Teresi, and Keegan McConnel for plant care, growth chamber monitoring, and grain harvest. Finally, Gary Grose, for assistance in grain compositional analysis. This work was supported by the U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2022, The Author(s).",

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N2 - The nutritional integrity of wheat is jeopardized by rapidly rising atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) and the associated emergence and enhanced virulence of plant pathogens. To evaluate how disease resistance traits may impact wheat climate resilience, 15 wheat cultivars with varying levels of resistance to Fusarium Head Blight (FHB) were grown at ambient and elevated CO2. Although all wheat cultivars had increased yield when grown at elevated CO2, the nutritional contents of FHB moderately resistant (MR) cultivars were impacted more than susceptible cultivars. At elevated CO2, the MR cultivars had more significant differences in plant growth, grain protein, starch, fructan, and macro and micro-nutrient content compared with susceptible wheat. Furthermore, changes in protein, starch, phosphorus, and magnesium content were correlated with the cultivar FHB resistance rating, with more FHB resistant cultivars having greater changes in nutrient content. This is the first report of a correlation between the degree of plant pathogen resistance and grain nutritional content loss in response to elevated CO2. Our results demonstrate the importance of identifying wheat cultivars that can maintain nutritional integrity and FHB resistance in future atmospheric CO2 conditions.

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