Abstract
In this perspective, we describe how developmental improvements in youth executive function (EF) are supported by hierarchically organized maturational changes in functional brain systems. We first highlight evidence that functional brain systems are embedded within a hierarchical sensorimotor-association axis of cortical organization. We then review data showing that functional system developmental profiles vary along this axis: systems near the associative end become more functionally segregated, while those in the middle become more integrative. Developmental changes that strengthen the hierarchical organization of the cortex may support EF by facilitating top-down information flow and balancing within- and between-system communication. We propose a central role for attention and frontoparietal control systems in the maturation of healthy EF and suggest that reduced functional system differentiation across the sensorimotor-association axis contributes to transdiagnostic EF deficits.
Original language | English (US) |
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Pages (from-to) | 160-174 |
Number of pages | 15 |
Journal | Trends in Cognitive Sciences |
Volume | 27 |
Issue number | 2 |
DOIs | |
State | Published - Feb 2023 |
Bibliographical note
Funding Information:This study was supported by grants from the National Institute of Health : R01MH113550 (T.D.S. & D.S.B.), R01MH120482 (T.D.S.), R01MH112847 (R.T.S. & T.D.S.), R01EB022573 (T.D.S.), RF1MH116920 (T.D.S. & D.S.B.), RF1MH121867 (T.D.S.), R37MH125829 (T.D.S. & D.A.F.). A.S.K. was supported by a Neuroengineering and Medicine T32 Fellowship from the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke ( 5T32NS091006-08 ). V.J.S. was supported by a National Science Foundation Graduate Research Fellowship ( DGE-1845298 ). Additional support was provided by the Penn-CHOP Lifespan Brain Institute.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2022 Elsevier Ltd
Keywords
- adolescence
- connectome
- development
- executive function
- fMRI
- psychopathology
PubMed: MeSH publication types
- Journal Article
- Review
- Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
- Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
- Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.