Abstract
Background Understanding the relationship between populations at different scales plays an important role in many demographic analyses. Objective We show that when a population can be partitioned into subgroups, the death rate for the entire population can be written as the weighted harmonic mean of the death rates in each subgroup, where the weights are given by the numbers of deaths in each subgroup. This decomposition can be generalized to other types of occurrence-exposure rates. Using different weights, the death rate for the entire population can also be expressed as an arithmetic mean of the death rates in each subgroup. Conclusions We use these relationships as a starting point for investigating how demographers can correctly aggregate rates across non-overlapping subgroups. Our analysis reveals conceptual links between classic demographic models and length-biased sampling. To illustrate how the harmonic mean can suggest new interpretations of demographic relationships, we present as an application a new expression for the frailty of the dying, given a standard demographic frailty model.
| Original language | English (US) |
|---|---|
| Pages (from-to) | 363-378 |
| Number of pages | 16 |
| Journal | Demographic Research |
| Volume | 44 |
| DOIs | |
| State | Published - 2021 |
Bibliographical note
Funding Information:The authors gratefully acknowledge support from the Berkeley Population Center (P2C HD 073964) and the Minnesota Population Center, which is funded by the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (P2C HD041023), and the Fesler-Lampert Chair in Aging Studies at the University of Minnesota. We also thank Josh Goldstein and Emma Zang who provided helpful comments on an early draft of this manuscript.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2021 Dennis M. Feehan & Elizabeth Wrigley-Field.