Identifying objects impairs knowledge of other objects: A relearning explanation for the neural repetition effect

Chad J. Marsolek; Rebecca G. Deason; Nicholas A. Ketz; Pradeep Ramanathan; Edward M. Bernat; Vaughn R. Steele; Christopher J. Patrick; Mieke Verfaellie; David M. Schnyer

doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2009.08.063

Identifying objects impairs knowledge of other objects: A relearning explanation for the neural repetition effect

Chad J. Marsolek, Rebecca G. Deason, Nicholas A. Ketz, Pradeep Ramanathan, Edward M. Bernat, Vaughn R. Steele, Christopher J. Patrick, Mieke Verfaellie, David M. Schnyer

Psychology (Twin Cities)

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

13 Scopus citations

Abstract

Different items in long-term knowledge are stored in the neocortex as partially overlapping representations that can be altered slightly with usage. This encoding scheme affords well-documented benefits, but potential costs have not been well explored. Here we use functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), neurocomputational modeling, and electrophysiological measures to show that strengthening some visual object representations not only enhances the subsequent ability to identify those (repeated) objects-an effect long known as repetition priming-but also impairs the ability to identify other (non-repeated) objects-a new effect labeled antipriming. As a result, the non-repeated objects elicit increased neural activity likely for the purpose of reestablishing their previously weakened representations. These results suggest a novel reevaluation of the ubiquitously observed repetition effect on neural activity, and they indicate that maintenance relearning may be a crucial aspect of preserving overlapping neural representations of visual objects in long-term memory.

Original language	English (US)
Pages (from-to)	1919-1932
Number of pages	14
Journal	NeuroImage
Volume	49
Issue number	2
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroimage.2009.08.063
State	Published - Jan 15 2010

Bibliographical note

Funding Information:
We thank Chris Azorson, Steve Engel, and Yuhong Jiang for valuable comments on a previous version of the manuscript; Susan Park Anderson, Sarah Davis, Sarah Fitch, Luke Kane, Alvina Kittur, Rachel LaNasa, Mithra Sathishkumar, and Benjamin Spear for help with data collection and analysis; and Randy O'Reilly for help with the simulation models. The research was supported by the National Institute of Mental Health (D.M.S., M.V., and C.J.M.). It was also supported by the Medical Research Service of the Department of Veterans Affairs and the Center for Cognitive Sciences in conjunction with the National Institute of Health and Human Development and the Office of the Vice President for Research and Dean of the Graduate School of the University of Minnesota .

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title = "Identifying objects impairs knowledge of other objects: A relearning explanation for the neural repetition effect",

abstract = "Different items in long-term knowledge are stored in the neocortex as partially overlapping representations that can be altered slightly with usage. This encoding scheme affords well-documented benefits, but potential costs have not been well explored. Here we use functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), neurocomputational modeling, and electrophysiological measures to show that strengthening some visual object representations not only enhances the subsequent ability to identify those (repeated) objects-an effect long known as repetition priming-but also impairs the ability to identify other (non-repeated) objects-a new effect labeled antipriming. As a result, the non-repeated objects elicit increased neural activity likely for the purpose of reestablishing their previously weakened representations. These results suggest a novel reevaluation of the ubiquitously observed repetition effect on neural activity, and they indicate that maintenance relearning may be a crucial aspect of preserving overlapping neural representations of visual objects in long-term memory.",

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Identifying objects impairs knowledge of other objects: A relearning explanation for the neural repetition effect

Abstract

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