Intravenous lipid emulsion therapy in 2 dogs and 2 cats with vitamin D toxicosis

Vitamin D toxicosis can lead to severe and prolonged hypercalcemia resulting in multi-organ damage and even death. Current creacmenc often involves prolonged hospitalization and may require medications with potential for adverse effects. The objective of this case series was to describe reductions in serum ionized calcium concentrations following intravenous lipid emulsion therapy in vitamin D toxicosis. Two dogs and 2 cats with vitamin D toxicosis were created with intravenous lipid emulsion therapy in addition to standard treatment regimens. Ionized hypercalcemia was lower following intravenous lipid emulsion therapy despite a more than 24- hour delay in initiating treatment in 3 of the 4 patients, and no adverse reactions were observed. Additionally, 2 of the 4 animals in this case series had long-term monitoring of 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations that revealed persistent elevations at 6 d in a dog and 5 mo in a cat, despite earlier resolution of their ionized hypercalcemia.