Microscale measurements reveal contrasting effects of photosynthesis and epiphytes on frictional drag on the surfaces of filamentous algae

Earth & Environmental Sciences

• filamentous alga 100%
• epiphyte 95%
• photosynthesis 70%
• drag 69%
• nutrient 47%
• shear stress 46%
• diatom 18%
• effect 17%
• algal mat 15%
• holography 14%
• freshwater ecosystem 11%
• particle image velocimetry 11%
• limiting factor 10%
• skin 9%
• alga 8%
• friction 8%
• boundary layer 8%
• microorganism 7%
• productivity 7%
• food 7%
• lake 6%
• river 5%
• rate 3%

Agriculture & Biology

• epiphytes 87%
• algae 58%
• photosynthesis 55%
• shear stress 53%
• nutrients 43%
• Bacillariophyceae 20%
• holography 17%
• particle image velocimetry 17%
• freshwater ecosystems 13%
• risk reduction 13%
• friction 10%
• lakes 8%
• rivers 8%
• microorganisms 6%