TY - JOUR
T1 - New insights into the immune system using dirty mice
AU - Hamilton, Sara E.
AU - Badovinac, Vladimir P.
AU - Beura, Lalit K.
AU - Pierson, Mark
AU - Jameson, Stephen C.
AU - Masopust, David
AU - Griffith, Thomas S.
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
Copyright Ó 2020 by The American Association of Immunologists, Inc. 0022-1767/20/$37.50
PY - 2020/7/1
Y1 - 2020/7/1
N2 - The mouse (Mus musculus) is the dominant organism used to investigate the mechanisms behind complex immunological responses because of their genetic similarity to humans and our ability to manipulate those genetics to understand downstream function. Indeed, our knowledge of immune system development, response to infection, and ways to therapeutically manipulate the immune response to combat disease were, in large part, delineated in the mouse. Despite the power of mouse-based immunology research, the translational efficacy of many new therapies from mouse to human is far from ideal. Recent data have highlighted how the naive, neonate-like immune system of specific pathogen–free mice differs dramatically in composition and function to mice living under barrier-free conditions (i.e., “dirty” mice). In this review, we discuss major findings to date and challenges faced when using dirty mice and specific areas of immunology research that may benefit from using animals with robust and varied microbial exposure.
AB - The mouse (Mus musculus) is the dominant organism used to investigate the mechanisms behind complex immunological responses because of their genetic similarity to humans and our ability to manipulate those genetics to understand downstream function. Indeed, our knowledge of immune system development, response to infection, and ways to therapeutically manipulate the immune response to combat disease were, in large part, delineated in the mouse. Despite the power of mouse-based immunology research, the translational efficacy of many new therapies from mouse to human is far from ideal. Recent data have highlighted how the naive, neonate-like immune system of specific pathogen–free mice differs dramatically in composition and function to mice living under barrier-free conditions (i.e., “dirty” mice). In this review, we discuss major findings to date and challenges faced when using dirty mice and specific areas of immunology research that may benefit from using animals with robust and varied microbial exposure.
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U2 - 10.4049/jimmunol.2000171
DO - 10.4049/jimmunol.2000171
M3 - Review article
C2 - 32571979
AN - SCOPUS:85086907274
SN - 0022-1767
VL - 205
SP - 3
EP - 11
JO - Journal of Immunology
JF - Journal of Immunology
IS - 1
ER -