Nitrogen source and rate effects on irrigated potato in tropical sandy soils

Emerson F.C. Souza; Rogério P. Soratto; Adalton M. Fernandes; Carl J. Rosen

doi:10.2134/agronj2018.03.0198

Nitrogen source and rate effects on irrigated potato in tropical sandy soils

Emerson F.C. Souza, Rogério P. Soratto, Adalton M. Fernandes, Carl J. Rosen

Soil, Water, and Climate

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Abstract

A suitable N source and an optimal application rate can improve the N-use efficiency of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) while minimizing N losses, especially when potato is grown in sandy soils. Three experiments were conducted at irrigated sandy soil sites in São Paulo State, Brazil, to evaluate the effects of ammonium sulfate (AMS), ammonium sulfate nitrate with the nitrification inhibitor 3,4-dimethylpyrazole phosphate (ASN+DMPP), and urea applied at three N rates (80, 120, and 160 kg ha ^–1 ), as well as a zero-N control on potato (cv. Agata). Leaf N and S concentrations, tuber yield, and agronomic efficiency (AE) were measured. The 80 kg N ha ^–1 rate was applied in the furrow at planting, and the other rates were split-applied, with 40 kg N ha ^–1 in the furrow at planting and the remainder applied at hilling. Regardless of the N source, the N fertilizer rates increased the potato leaf N concentration and tuber bulking of the potato crop, which in turn increased the tuber yield up to rates between 136 kg N ha ^–1 and at least 160 kg N ha ^–1 . Among the N sources, ASN+DMPP fertilizer resulted in a higher potato tuber set and yield than urea and led to the highest AE compared to AMS and urea. Overall, these results suggest the potential for ASN+DMPP to improve the synchronization between soil N availability and potato N demand and provide a more appropriate balance of N forms in the soil when potato is cultivated in sandy soils in a tropical climate.

Original language	English (US)
Pages (from-to)	378-389
Number of pages	12
Journal	Agronomy Journal
Volume	111
Issue number	1
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.2134/agronj2018.03.0198
State	Published - Jan 1 2019

Bibliographical note

Funding Information:
The authors would like to thank the Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel (CAPES) for providing a scholarship to the first author and the National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq) for granting awards for excellence in research to the second and third authors. We would also like to thank the potato grower (Ioshida Group) who provided the area for the experiment in Avaré-2012.

Publisher Copyright:
© 2019 by the American Society of Agronomy 5585 Guilford Road, Madison, WI 53711 USA All rights reserved.

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abstract = " A suitable N source and an optimal application rate can improve the N-use efficiency of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) while minimizing N losses, especially when potato is grown in sandy soils. Three experiments were conducted at irrigated sandy soil sites in S{\~a}o Paulo State, Brazil, to evaluate the effects of ammonium sulfate (AMS), ammonium sulfate nitrate with the nitrification inhibitor 3,4-dimethylpyrazole phosphate (ASN+DMPP), and urea applied at three N rates (80, 120, and 160 kg ha –1 ), as well as a zero-N control on potato (cv. Agata). Leaf N and S concentrations, tuber yield, and agronomic efficiency (AE) were measured. The 80 kg N ha –1 rate was applied in the furrow at planting, and the other rates were split-applied, with 40 kg N ha –1 in the furrow at planting and the remainder applied at hilling. Regardless of the N source, the N fertilizer rates increased the potato leaf N concentration and tuber bulking of the potato crop, which in turn increased the tuber yield up to rates between 136 kg N ha –1 and at least 160 kg N ha –1 . Among the N sources, ASN+DMPP fertilizer resulted in a higher potato tuber set and yield than urea and led to the highest AE compared to AMS and urea. Overall, these results suggest the potential for ASN+DMPP to improve the synchronization between soil N availability and potato N demand and provide a more appropriate balance of N forms in the soil when potato is cultivated in sandy soils in a tropical climate. ",

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Nitrogen source and rate effects on irrigated potato in tropical sandy soils

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Bibliographical note

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