Ovinocultura do Rio Grande do Sul: Descrição do sistema produtivo e dos principais aspectos sanitários e reprodutivos

The sheep industry has always been an important economic and traditional activity in the State of Rio Grande do Sul. In spite of the wool crises occurred in the 1980ies and 1990ies, the sheep flock remains the largest flock in Brazil. Due to scarcity of recent data on this activity, the present study aims to characterize the sheep industry of Rio Grande do Sul. For this reason, we performed a planned and probabilistic stratified cluster sampling with flocks selected propotionally by seven regions of the State. We analyzed 705 farms through an epidemiological questionnaire, applied by 25 veterinarians from the Department of Animal Health (DDA), of the Secretary of Agriculture, Livestock and Agribusiness of the state of Rio Grande do Sul (SEAPA/RS). According to the results, the sheep industry is essentially extensive and based on production of meat and wool, the main objective of which is subsistence. This indicates that the activity still maintains older standards, with almost no technical improvement regarding sanitary and reproduction aspects. This revels that sheep production in Rio Grande do Sul is still considered as a secondary exploitation of farms, which explains the low investment in this sector.