Plasmacytoid cells in salivary pleomorphic adenoma: an alternative interpretation of their immunohistochemical characteristics highlights function and capability for epithelial–mesenchymal transition

Ioannis G. Koutlas; Michelle Dolan; Mark W. Lingen; Prokopios P. Argyris

doi:10.1016/j.oooo.2019.01.081

Plasmacytoid cells in salivary pleomorphic adenoma: an alternative interpretation of their immunohistochemical characteristics highlights function and capability for epithelial–mesenchymal transition

Ioannis G. Koutlas, Michelle Dolan, Mark W. Lingen, Prokopios P. Argyris

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Abstract

Objectives: Plasmacytoid cells (PLCs) in salivary pleomorphic adenoma (SPA) are regarded as modified neoplastic myoepithelia and define plasmacytoid myoepithelioma (pMYO). However, histochemically, immunohistochemically and ultrastructurally, PLCs fail to demonstrate frank myogenous properties. Epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) may explain the phenotypes in SPA. Our aim was to evaluate (1) PLCs with accepted or purported myoepithelial and EMT-related markers; and (2) pMYOs for PLAG1 aberrations by using fluorescence in situ hybridization. Study Design: Eight SPAs with or without PLC-predominance and 3 pMYOs were immunohistochemically studied. Results: PLCs in SPA and pMYO exhibited strong, scattered to diffuse positivity for K7, rare K14 positivity and were mostly negative for α-smooth muscle actin, h-caldesmon, and p63/p40. S100 staining was strong and diffuse, whereas calponin was variable. DOG1 was negative. PLCs in pMYO and PLC-rich SPA exhibited selective or diffuse WT1 and D2-40 immunoreactivity. EMT markers SNAIL/SLUG exhibited strong and variable immunoreactivity in PLCs in contrast to weak or absent E-cadherin expression. SOX10 was diffusely and strongly positive. PLAG1 rearrangement was present in 1 pMYO. Conclusions: PLCs mostly fail to express myoepithelial markers; PLCs are neoplastic cells adapting to microenvironmental changes and capable of EMT; and tumors composed solely of PLCs are apparently SPAs depleted of a ductal component.

Original language	English (US)
Pages (from-to)	515-529
Number of pages	15
Journal	Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, Oral Pathology and Oral Radiology
Volume	128
Issue number	5
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.oooo.2019.01.081
State	Published - Nov 2019

Bibliographical note

Funding Information:
We would like to thank Dr. Elizabeth A. Bilodeau, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburg, PA, for her valuable assistance in this project; and Mr. Brian Dunnette, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, for his assistance with the preparation of the illustrations.

Publisher Copyright:
© 2019 Elsevier Inc.

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Koutlas, I. G., Dolan, M., Lingen, M. W., & Argyris, P. P. (2019). Plasmacytoid cells in salivary pleomorphic adenoma: an alternative interpretation of their immunohistochemical characteristics highlights function and capability for epithelial–mesenchymal transition. Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, Oral Pathology and Oral Radiology, 128(5), 515-529. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.oooo.2019.01.081

Plasmacytoid cells in salivary pleomorphic adenoma: an alternative interpretation of their immunohistochemical characteristics highlights function and capability for epithelial–mesenchymal transition. / Koutlas, Ioannis G.; Dolan, Michelle; Lingen, Mark W. et al.
In: Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, Oral Pathology and Oral Radiology, Vol. 128, No. 5, 11.2019, p. 515-529.

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

Koutlas, IG , Dolan, M, Lingen, MW & Argyris, PP 2019, 'Plasmacytoid cells in salivary pleomorphic adenoma: an alternative interpretation of their immunohistochemical characteristics highlights function and capability for epithelial–mesenchymal transition', Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, Oral Pathology and Oral Radiology, vol. 128, no. 5, pp. 515-529. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.oooo.2019.01.081

Koutlas, Ioannis G. ; Dolan, Michelle ; Lingen, Mark W. et al. / Plasmacytoid cells in salivary pleomorphic adenoma : an alternative interpretation of their immunohistochemical characteristics highlights function and capability for epithelial–mesenchymal transition. In: Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, Oral Pathology and Oral Radiology. 2019 ; Vol. 128, No. 5. pp. 515-529.

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title = "Plasmacytoid cells in salivary pleomorphic adenoma: an alternative interpretation of their immunohistochemical characteristics highlights function and capability for epithelial–mesenchymal transition",

abstract = "Objectives: Plasmacytoid cells (PLCs) in salivary pleomorphic adenoma (SPA) are regarded as modified neoplastic myoepithelia and define plasmacytoid myoepithelioma (pMYO). However, histochemically, immunohistochemically and ultrastructurally, PLCs fail to demonstrate frank myogenous properties. Epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) may explain the phenotypes in SPA. Our aim was to evaluate (1) PLCs with accepted or purported myoepithelial and EMT-related markers; and (2) pMYOs for PLAG1 aberrations by using fluorescence in situ hybridization. Study Design: Eight SPAs with or without PLC-predominance and 3 pMYOs were immunohistochemically studied. Results: PLCs in SPA and pMYO exhibited strong, scattered to diffuse positivity for K7, rare K14 positivity and were mostly negative for α-smooth muscle actin, h-caldesmon, and p63/p40. S100 staining was strong and diffuse, whereas calponin was variable. DOG1 was negative. PLCs in pMYO and PLC-rich SPA exhibited selective or diffuse WT1 and D2-40 immunoreactivity. EMT markers SNAIL/SLUG exhibited strong and variable immunoreactivity in PLCs in contrast to weak or absent E-cadherin expression. SOX10 was diffusely and strongly positive. PLAG1 rearrangement was present in 1 pMYO. Conclusions: PLCs mostly fail to express myoepithelial markers; PLCs are neoplastic cells adapting to microenvironmental changes and capable of EMT; and tumors composed solely of PLCs are apparently SPAs depleted of a ductal component.",

author = "Koutlas, {Ioannis G.} and Michelle Dolan and Lingen, {Mark W.} and Argyris, {Prokopios P.}",

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AU - Lingen, Mark W.

AU - Argyris, Prokopios P.

N1 - Funding Information: We would like to thank Dr. Elizabeth A. Bilodeau, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburg, PA, for her valuable assistance in this project; and Mr. Brian Dunnette, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, for his assistance with the preparation of the illustrations. Publisher Copyright: © 2019 Elsevier Inc.

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N2 - Objectives: Plasmacytoid cells (PLCs) in salivary pleomorphic adenoma (SPA) are regarded as modified neoplastic myoepithelia and define plasmacytoid myoepithelioma (pMYO). However, histochemically, immunohistochemically and ultrastructurally, PLCs fail to demonstrate frank myogenous properties. Epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) may explain the phenotypes in SPA. Our aim was to evaluate (1) PLCs with accepted or purported myoepithelial and EMT-related markers; and (2) pMYOs for PLAG1 aberrations by using fluorescence in situ hybridization. Study Design: Eight SPAs with or without PLC-predominance and 3 pMYOs were immunohistochemically studied. Results: PLCs in SPA and pMYO exhibited strong, scattered to diffuse positivity for K7, rare K14 positivity and were mostly negative for α-smooth muscle actin, h-caldesmon, and p63/p40. S100 staining was strong and diffuse, whereas calponin was variable. DOG1 was negative. PLCs in pMYO and PLC-rich SPA exhibited selective or diffuse WT1 and D2-40 immunoreactivity. EMT markers SNAIL/SLUG exhibited strong and variable immunoreactivity in PLCs in contrast to weak or absent E-cadherin expression. SOX10 was diffusely and strongly positive. PLAG1 rearrangement was present in 1 pMYO. Conclusions: PLCs mostly fail to express myoepithelial markers; PLCs are neoplastic cells adapting to microenvironmental changes and capable of EMT; and tumors composed solely of PLCs are apparently SPAs depleted of a ductal component.

AB - Objectives: Plasmacytoid cells (PLCs) in salivary pleomorphic adenoma (SPA) are regarded as modified neoplastic myoepithelia and define plasmacytoid myoepithelioma (pMYO). However, histochemically, immunohistochemically and ultrastructurally, PLCs fail to demonstrate frank myogenous properties. Epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) may explain the phenotypes in SPA. Our aim was to evaluate (1) PLCs with accepted or purported myoepithelial and EMT-related markers; and (2) pMYOs for PLAG1 aberrations by using fluorescence in situ hybridization. Study Design: Eight SPAs with or without PLC-predominance and 3 pMYOs were immunohistochemically studied. Results: PLCs in SPA and pMYO exhibited strong, scattered to diffuse positivity for K7, rare K14 positivity and were mostly negative for α-smooth muscle actin, h-caldesmon, and p63/p40. S100 staining was strong and diffuse, whereas calponin was variable. DOG1 was negative. PLCs in pMYO and PLC-rich SPA exhibited selective or diffuse WT1 and D2-40 immunoreactivity. EMT markers SNAIL/SLUG exhibited strong and variable immunoreactivity in PLCs in contrast to weak or absent E-cadherin expression. SOX10 was diffusely and strongly positive. PLAG1 rearrangement was present in 1 pMYO. Conclusions: PLCs mostly fail to express myoepithelial markers; PLCs are neoplastic cells adapting to microenvironmental changes and capable of EMT; and tumors composed solely of PLCs are apparently SPAs depleted of a ductal component.

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Plasmacytoid cells in salivary pleomorphic adenoma: an alternative interpretation of their immunohistochemical characteristics highlights function and capability for epithelial–mesenchymal transition

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