Practice and consultation in health, sport, and fitness

A growing interest exists among behavior analysts to apply their training, expand their scope of competence, and practice in areas that fall under the umbrella of health, sport, and fitness (HSF). While the opportunities are vast, this chapter focuses on applications outside of the formal healthcare system that serve to improve health and fitness through diet, physical activity, and exercise modification, as well as to enhance athletic and sport performance. Our intent was to provide information to guide aspiring practitioners toward an HSF-focused career, as well as to assist seasoned practitioners looking to expand or pivot their practice. The chapter is organized into three primary sections: health, fitness, and sport. Within each section, you will find an overview of the topic, common assessment and measurement tools for frequently targeted behaviors for change, a summary of research-supported interventions, and major implications based on research outcomes. The chapter concludes with training-related recommendations to increase both scope of competence and scope of practice and interprofessional collaboration.