Predicting Cardiometabolic Risk From Visceral Abdominal Adiposity in Persons With Chronic Spinal Cord Injury

Christopher M. Cirnigliaro; Michael F. La Fountaine; Joshua C. Hobson; Steven C. Kirshblum; Donald R. Dengel; Ann M. Spungen; William A. Bauman

doi:10.1016/j.jocd.2021.03.010

Predicting Cardiometabolic Risk From Visceral Abdominal Adiposity in Persons With Chronic Spinal Cord Injury

Christopher M. Cirnigliaro, Michael F. La Fountaine, Joshua C. Hobson, Steven C. Kirshblum, Donald R. Dengel, Ann M. Spungen, William A. Bauman

Kinesiology

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

5 Scopus citations

Abstract

Persons with spinal cord injury (SCI) have increased adiposity that may predispose to cardiovascular disease compared to those who are able-bodied (AB). The purpose of this study was to determine the relationships between dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA)-derived visceral adipose tissue (VAT) and biomarkers of lipid metabolism and insulin resistance in persons with chronic SCI. A prospective observational study in participants with chronic SCI and age- and gender-matched AB controls. The study was conducted at a Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center and Private Rehabilitation Hospital. The quantification of DXA-derived VAT volume (VAT_vol) and blood-derived markers of lipid and carbohydrate metabolism were determined in 100 SCI and 51 AB men. The VAT_vol was acquired from a total body DXA scan and analyzed using iDXA enCore CoreScan software (GE Lunar). Blood samples were collected for the serum lipid profile and plasma and glucose concentrations, with the latter two values used to calculate a measure of insulin resistance. In the SCI and AB groups, VAT% was significantly correlated with most cardiometabolic biomarkers. The results of the binary logistic regression analysis revealed that participants who had a VAT_vol above the cutoff value of 1630 cm³ were 3.1-, 4.8-, 5.6-, 19.2-, and 16.7-times more likely to have high serum triglycerides (R²_N= 0.09, p = 0.014), low serum high density lipoprotein cholesterol (R²_N = 0.16, p < 0.001), HOMA2-IR (R²_N = 0.18, p < 0.001), metabolic syndrome (R²_N = 0.25, p < 0.001), and a 10-yr Framingham Risk Score ≥ 10% (R²_N = 0.16, p = 0.001), respectively, when compared to participants below this VAT_vol cutoff value. Our findings reveal that persons with chronic SCI have a higher VAT_vol than that of AB controls, and VAT_vol correlates directly with biomarkers of lipid and carbohydrate metabolism that are strong predictors of cardiometabolic disorders.

Original language	English (US)
Pages (from-to)	442-452
Number of pages	11
Journal	Journal of Clinical Densitometry
Volume	24
Issue number	3
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jocd.2021.03.010
State	Published - Jul 1 2021

Bibliographical note

Funding Information:
The authors wish to thank the James J Peters VA Medical Center, Bronx, NY, the Department of Veterans Affairs Rehabilitation Research & Development Service, The Kessler Institute for Rehabilitation and the Kessler Foundation, West Orange, NJ, for their support. This material is from work supported by the Department of Veterans Affairs, Veterans Health Administration, Rehabilitation Research and Development Service National Center for the Medical Consequences of Spinal Cord Injury (# B9212-C and B2020-C ). This work does not represent the views of the US Department of Veterans Affairs or the US government.

Funding Information:
The authors wish to thank the James J Peters VA Medical Center, Bronx, NY, the Department of Veterans Affairs Rehabilitation Research & Development Service, The Kessler Institute for Rehabilitation and the Kessler Foundation, West Orange, NJ, for their support. This material is from work supported by the Department of Veterans Affairs, Veterans Health Administration, Rehabilitation Research and Development Service National Center for the Medical Consequences of Spinal Cord Injury (#B9212-C and B2020-C). This work does not represent the views of the US Department of Veterans Affairs or the US government. C. Cirnigliaro, M. Fountaine, J. Hobson, S. Kirshblum, D. Dengel, A. Spungen, and W. Bauman declare that they have no conflict of interest or financial disclosure with regard to the information presented.

Publisher Copyright:
© 2021

Keywords

Biomarkers
Dual energy X-ray absorptiometry
Spinal cord injury
Subcutaneous adipose tissue
Visceral adipose tissue

PubMed: MeSH publication types

Journal Article
Observational Study
Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.

UN SDGs

This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

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10.1016/j.jocd.2021.03.010

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title = "Predicting Cardiometabolic Risk From Visceral Abdominal Adiposity in Persons With Chronic Spinal Cord Injury",

abstract = "Persons with spinal cord injury (SCI) have increased adiposity that may predispose to cardiovascular disease compared to those who are able-bodied (AB). The purpose of this study was to determine the relationships between dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA)-derived visceral adipose tissue (VAT) and biomarkers of lipid metabolism and insulin resistance in persons with chronic SCI. A prospective observational study in participants with chronic SCI and age- and gender-matched AB controls. The study was conducted at a Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center and Private Rehabilitation Hospital. The quantification of DXA-derived VAT volume (VATvol) and blood-derived markers of lipid and carbohydrate metabolism were determined in 100 SCI and 51 AB men. The VATvol was acquired from a total body DXA scan and analyzed using iDXA enCore CoreScan software (GE Lunar). Blood samples were collected for the serum lipid profile and plasma and glucose concentrations, with the latter two values used to calculate a measure of insulin resistance. In the SCI and AB groups, VAT% was significantly correlated with most cardiometabolic biomarkers. The results of the binary logistic regression analysis revealed that participants who had a VATvol above the cutoff value of 1630 cm3 were 3.1-, 4.8-, 5.6-, 19.2-, and 16.7-times more likely to have high serum triglycerides (R2N= 0.09, p = 0.014), low serum high density lipoprotein cholesterol (R2N = 0.16, p < 0.001), HOMA2-IR (R2N = 0.18, p < 0.001), metabolic syndrome (R2N = 0.25, p < 0.001), and a 10-yr Framingham Risk Score ≥ 10% (R2N = 0.16, p = 0.001), respectively, when compared to participants below this VATvol cutoff value. Our findings reveal that persons with chronic SCI have a higher VATvol than that of AB controls, and VATvol correlates directly with biomarkers of lipid and carbohydrate metabolism that are strong predictors of cardiometabolic disorders.",

keywords = "Biomarkers, Dual energy X-ray absorptiometry, Spinal cord injury, Subcutaneous adipose tissue, Visceral adipose tissue",

author = "Cirnigliaro, {Christopher M.} and {La Fountaine}, {Michael F.} and Hobson, {Joshua C.} and Kirshblum, {Steven C.} and Dengel, {Donald R.} and Spungen, {Ann M.} and Bauman, {William A.}",

note = "Funding Information: The authors wish to thank the James J Peters VA Medical Center, Bronx, NY, the Department of Veterans Affairs Rehabilitation Research & Development Service, The Kessler Institute for Rehabilitation and the Kessler Foundation, West Orange, NJ, for their support. This material is from work supported by the Department of Veterans Affairs, Veterans Health Administration, Rehabilitation Research and Development Service National Center for the Medical Consequences of Spinal Cord Injury (# B9212-C and B2020-C ). This work does not represent the views of the US Department of Veterans Affairs or the US government. Funding Information: The authors wish to thank the James J Peters VA Medical Center, Bronx, NY, the Department of Veterans Affairs Rehabilitation Research & Development Service, The Kessler Institute for Rehabilitation and the Kessler Foundation, West Orange, NJ, for their support. This material is from work supported by the Department of Veterans Affairs, Veterans Health Administration, Rehabilitation Research and Development Service National Center for the Medical Consequences of Spinal Cord Injury (#B9212-C and B2020-C). This work does not represent the views of the US Department of Veterans Affairs or the US government. C. Cirnigliaro, M. Fountaine, J. Hobson, S. Kirshblum, D. Dengel, A. Spungen, and W. Bauman declare that they have no conflict of interest or financial disclosure with regard to the information presented. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2021",

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AU - Dengel, Donald R.

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AU - Bauman, William A.

N1 - Funding Information: The authors wish to thank the James J Peters VA Medical Center, Bronx, NY, the Department of Veterans Affairs Rehabilitation Research & Development Service, The Kessler Institute for Rehabilitation and the Kessler Foundation, West Orange, NJ, for their support. This material is from work supported by the Department of Veterans Affairs, Veterans Health Administration, Rehabilitation Research and Development Service National Center for the Medical Consequences of Spinal Cord Injury (# B9212-C and B2020-C ). This work does not represent the views of the US Department of Veterans Affairs or the US government. Funding Information: The authors wish to thank the James J Peters VA Medical Center, Bronx, NY, the Department of Veterans Affairs Rehabilitation Research & Development Service, The Kessler Institute for Rehabilitation and the Kessler Foundation, West Orange, NJ, for their support. This material is from work supported by the Department of Veterans Affairs, Veterans Health Administration, Rehabilitation Research and Development Service National Center for the Medical Consequences of Spinal Cord Injury (#B9212-C and B2020-C). This work does not represent the views of the US Department of Veterans Affairs or the US government. C. Cirnigliaro, M. Fountaine, J. Hobson, S. Kirshblum, D. Dengel, A. Spungen, and W. Bauman declare that they have no conflict of interest or financial disclosure with regard to the information presented. Publisher Copyright: © 2021

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N2 - Persons with spinal cord injury (SCI) have increased adiposity that may predispose to cardiovascular disease compared to those who are able-bodied (AB). The purpose of this study was to determine the relationships between dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA)-derived visceral adipose tissue (VAT) and biomarkers of lipid metabolism and insulin resistance in persons with chronic SCI. A prospective observational study in participants with chronic SCI and age- and gender-matched AB controls. The study was conducted at a Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center and Private Rehabilitation Hospital. The quantification of DXA-derived VAT volume (VATvol) and blood-derived markers of lipid and carbohydrate metabolism were determined in 100 SCI and 51 AB men. The VATvol was acquired from a total body DXA scan and analyzed using iDXA enCore CoreScan software (GE Lunar). Blood samples were collected for the serum lipid profile and plasma and glucose concentrations, with the latter two values used to calculate a measure of insulin resistance. In the SCI and AB groups, VAT% was significantly correlated with most cardiometabolic biomarkers. The results of the binary logistic regression analysis revealed that participants who had a VATvol above the cutoff value of 1630 cm3 were 3.1-, 4.8-, 5.6-, 19.2-, and 16.7-times more likely to have high serum triglycerides (R2N= 0.09, p = 0.014), low serum high density lipoprotein cholesterol (R2N = 0.16, p < 0.001), HOMA2-IR (R2N = 0.18, p < 0.001), metabolic syndrome (R2N = 0.25, p < 0.001), and a 10-yr Framingham Risk Score ≥ 10% (R2N = 0.16, p = 0.001), respectively, when compared to participants below this VATvol cutoff value. Our findings reveal that persons with chronic SCI have a higher VATvol than that of AB controls, and VATvol correlates directly with biomarkers of lipid and carbohydrate metabolism that are strong predictors of cardiometabolic disorders.

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Predicting Cardiometabolic Risk From Visceral Abdominal Adiposity in Persons With Chronic Spinal Cord Injury

Abstract

Bibliographical note

Keywords

PubMed: MeSH publication types

UN SDGs

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