Abstract
This study conducted field measurements of the particle geometric surface area (GSA) and number concentrations on a university campus via two real-time approaches: applying the weighted-sum (WS) method and using a Scanning Mobility Particle Sizer (SMPS). The measurements were conducted on 4 subjects: laser printing, 3D printing, machining (waterjet cutting, sanding, and welding), and environmental aerosols. The highest emissions were found with 3D printing and welding; these concentrations were measured in the printer’s enclosure and when the local exhaust ventilation was on, respectively. In general, the two methods agreed well with each other, with an overall Pearson correlation coefficient of 0.85, although the concentrations constantly fluctuated over a wide range, from 20 to 4 × 104 μm2 cm–3. Since the GSA concentrations reported in this study are the first measurements for some scenarios, our results can serve as a reference for further research as well as for individuals in the vicinity of these emissions.
| Original language | English (US) |
|---|---|
| Pages (from-to) | 1569-1581 |
| Number of pages | 13 |
| Journal | Aerosol and Air Quality Research |
| Volume | 20 |
| Issue number | 7 |
| DOIs | |
| State | Published - Jul 2020 |
Bibliographical note
Funding Information:This work was supported by National Science Foundation (NSF) Grant 1236107, “GOALI: Unipolar Diffusion Charging of Spherical and Agglomerated Nanoparticles and its Application toward Surface-area Measurement.” The authors thank the support of members of the Center for Filtration Research: 3M Corporation; A.O. Smith Company; Applied Materials, Inc.; BASF Corporation; Boeing Company; Corning Co.; China Yancheng Environmental Protection Science and Technology City; Cummins Filtration Inc.; Donaldson Company, Inc.; Entegris, Inc.; Ford Motor Company; Guangxi Wat Yuan Filtration System Co., Ltd.; LG Electronics Co.; MSP Corporation; Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd.; Xinxiang Shengda Filtration Technology Co., Ltd.; TSI Inc.; W. L. Gore and Associates, Inc.; Shigematsu Works Co., Ltd.; and the affiliate member National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH). The authors also wish to acknowledge the College of Science and Engineering machine shop, and The Clifford I. and Nancy C. Anderson Student Innovation Labs in the University of Minnesota for the assistance and cooperation for the field measurements.
Funding Information:
This work was supported by National Science Foundation (NSF) Grant 1236107, ?GOALI: Unipolar Diffusion Charging of Spherical and Agglomerated Nanoparticles and its Application toward Surface-area Measurement.? The authors thank the support of members of the Center for Filtration Research: 3M Corporation; A.O. Smith Company; Applied Materials, Inc.; BASF Corporation; Boeing Company; Corning Co.; China Yancheng Environmental Protection Science and Technology City; Cummins Filtration Inc.; Donaldson Company, Inc.; Entegris, Inc.; Ford Motor Company; Guangxi Wat Yuan Filtration System Co., Ltd.; LG Electronics Co.; MSP Corporation; Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd.; Xinxiang Shengda Filtration Technology Co., Ltd.; TSI Inc.; W. L. Gore and Associates, Inc.; Shigematsu Works Co., Ltd.; and the affiliate member National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH). The authors also wish to acknowledge the College of Science and Engineering machine shop, and The Clifford I. and Nancy C. Anderson Student Innovation Labs in the University of Minnesota for the assistance and cooperation for the field measurements.
Publisher Copyright:
© The Author(s).
Keywords
- 3D printing emission
- Geometric surface area
- Occupational exposure
- Real-time
- Weighted sum