TY - JOUR
T1 - Sex-and race-specific burden of aortic valve calcification among older adults without overt coronary heart disease
T2 - The Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study
AU - Boakye, Ellen
AU - Dardari, Zeina
AU - Obisesan, Olufunmilayo H.
AU - Osei, Albert D.
AU - Wang, Frances M.
AU - Honda, Yasuyuki
AU - Dzaye, Omar
AU - Osuji, Ngozi
AU - Carr, John Jeffery
AU - Howard-Claudio, Candace M.
AU - Wagenknecht, Lynne
AU - Konety, Suma
AU - Coresh, Josef
AU - Matsushita, Kunihiro
AU - Blaha, Michael J.
AU - Whelton, Seamus P.
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2022 Elsevier B.V.
PY - 2022/8
Y1 - 2022/8
N2 - Background and aims: The prevalence of aortic valve calcification (AVC) increases with age. However, the sex-and race-specific burden of AVC and associated cardiovascular risk factors among adults ≥75 years are not well studied. Methods: We calculated the sex-and race-specific burden of AVC among 2283 older Black and White adults (mean age:80.5 [SD:4.3] years) without overt coronary heart disease from the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study who underwent non-contrast cardiac-gated CT-imaging at visit 7 (2018–2019). Using Poisson regression with robust variance, we calculated the adjusted prevalence ratios (aPR) of the association of AVC with cardiovascular risk factors. Results: The overall AVC prevalence was 44.8%, with White males having the highest prevalence at 58.2%. The prevalence was similar for Black males (40.5%), White females (38.9%), and Black females (36.8%). AVC prevalence increased significantly with age among all race-sex groups. The probability of any AVC at age 80 years was 55.4%, 40.0%, 37.3%, and 36.2% for White males, Black males, White females, and Black females, respectively. Among persons with prevalent AVC, White males had the highest median AVC score (100.9 Agatston Units [AU]), followed by Black males (68.5AU), White females (52.3AU), and Black females (46.5AU). After adjusting for cardiovascular risk factors, Black males (aPR:0.53; 95%CI:0.33–0.83), White females (aPR:0.68; 95%CI:0.61–0.77), and Black females (aPR:0.49; 95%CI:0.31–0.77) had lower AVC prevalence compared to White males. In addition, systolic blood pressure, non-HDL-cholesterol, and lipoprotein (a) were independently associated with AVC, with no significant race/sex interactions. Conclusions: AVC, although highly prevalent, was not universally present in this cohort of older adults. White males had ∼50–60% higher prevalence than other race-sex groups. Moreover, cardiovascular risk factors measured in older age showed significant association with AVC.
AB - Background and aims: The prevalence of aortic valve calcification (AVC) increases with age. However, the sex-and race-specific burden of AVC and associated cardiovascular risk factors among adults ≥75 years are not well studied. Methods: We calculated the sex-and race-specific burden of AVC among 2283 older Black and White adults (mean age:80.5 [SD:4.3] years) without overt coronary heart disease from the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study who underwent non-contrast cardiac-gated CT-imaging at visit 7 (2018–2019). Using Poisson regression with robust variance, we calculated the adjusted prevalence ratios (aPR) of the association of AVC with cardiovascular risk factors. Results: The overall AVC prevalence was 44.8%, with White males having the highest prevalence at 58.2%. The prevalence was similar for Black males (40.5%), White females (38.9%), and Black females (36.8%). AVC prevalence increased significantly with age among all race-sex groups. The probability of any AVC at age 80 years was 55.4%, 40.0%, 37.3%, and 36.2% for White males, Black males, White females, and Black females, respectively. Among persons with prevalent AVC, White males had the highest median AVC score (100.9 Agatston Units [AU]), followed by Black males (68.5AU), White females (52.3AU), and Black females (46.5AU). After adjusting for cardiovascular risk factors, Black males (aPR:0.53; 95%CI:0.33–0.83), White females (aPR:0.68; 95%CI:0.61–0.77), and Black females (aPR:0.49; 95%CI:0.31–0.77) had lower AVC prevalence compared to White males. In addition, systolic blood pressure, non-HDL-cholesterol, and lipoprotein (a) were independently associated with AVC, with no significant race/sex interactions. Conclusions: AVC, although highly prevalent, was not universally present in this cohort of older adults. White males had ∼50–60% higher prevalence than other race-sex groups. Moreover, cardiovascular risk factors measured in older age showed significant association with AVC.
KW - Aortic valve calcification
KW - Cardiovascular risk factors
KW - Older adults
KW - Prevalence
KW - Race
KW - Sex
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U2 - 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2022.06.003
DO - 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2022.06.003
M3 - Article
C2 - 35718559
AN - SCOPUS:85132712263
SN - 0021-9150
VL - 355
SP - 68
EP - 75
JO - Atherosclerosis
JF - Atherosclerosis
ER -
