Similar outcomes between adolescent/young adults and children with AML following allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation

We recently reported that adolescents and young adults (AYAs) with B-cell ALL receiving allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (allo-HCT) have inferior survival compared with children, primarily because of greater TRM. We therefore hypothesized that in the setting of allo-HCT for AML, similar inferior outcomes would be observed in AYA patients as compared with children. We reviewed outcomes of 168 consecutive patients (ages 0-30 years) with AML undergoing allo-HCT at our institution. Of these, 60% (n=101) were <15 years of age and 40% (n=67) were AYAs (15-30 years of age). We identified no significant differences in 5-year overall survival (48% vs 50%, P=0.89), disease-free (47% vs 47%, P=0.89), relapse (24% vs 33%, P=0.30) or TRM (27% vs 16%, P=0.10) between the two groups. However, AYA patients had a greater incidence of grade II-IV acute (48% vs 31%, P=0.01) and chronic GVHD (22% vs 7%, P<0.01). Based on this analysis we identified no differences in survival, relapse or TRM between AYAs and children with AML receiving allo-HCT.