TY - JOUR
T1 - Size-tunable silver nanoparticle synthesis in glycerol driven by a low-pressure nonthermal plasma
AU - Xu, Chi
AU - Andaraarachchi, Himashi P.
AU - Xiong, Zichang
AU - Eslamisaray, Mohammad Ali
AU - Kushner, Mark J.
AU - Kortshagen, Uwe R.
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2022 IOP Publishing Ltd.
PY - 2022/12/22
Y1 - 2022/12/22
N2 - Silver nanoparticles (NPs) are extensively used in electronic components, chemical sensors, and disinfection applications, in which many of their properties depend on particle size. However, control over silver NP size and morphology still remains a challenge for many synthesis techniques. In this work, we demonstrate the surfactant-free synthesis of silver NPs using a low-pressure inductively coupled nonthermal argon plasma. Continuously forming droplets of silver nitrate (AgNO3) precursor dissolved in glycerol are exposed to the plasma, with the droplet residence time being determined by the precursor flow rate. Glycerol has rarely been studied in plasma-liquid interactions but shows favorable properties for controlled NP synthesis at low pressure. We show that the droplet residence time and plasma power have strong influence on NP properties, and that improved size control and particle monodispersity can be achieved by pulsed power operation. Silver NPs had mean diameters of 20 nm with geometric standard deviations of 1.6 under continuous wave operation, which decreased to 6 nm mean and 1.3 geometric standard deviation for pulsed power operation at 100 Hz and 20% duty cycle. We propose that solvated electrons from the plasma and vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) radiation induced electrons produced in glycerol are the main reducing agents of Ag+, the precursor for NPs, while no significant change of chemical composition of the glycerol solvent was detected.
AB - Silver nanoparticles (NPs) are extensively used in electronic components, chemical sensors, and disinfection applications, in which many of their properties depend on particle size. However, control over silver NP size and morphology still remains a challenge for many synthesis techniques. In this work, we demonstrate the surfactant-free synthesis of silver NPs using a low-pressure inductively coupled nonthermal argon plasma. Continuously forming droplets of silver nitrate (AgNO3) precursor dissolved in glycerol are exposed to the plasma, with the droplet residence time being determined by the precursor flow rate. Glycerol has rarely been studied in plasma-liquid interactions but shows favorable properties for controlled NP synthesis at low pressure. We show that the droplet residence time and plasma power have strong influence on NP properties, and that improved size control and particle monodispersity can be achieved by pulsed power operation. Silver NPs had mean diameters of 20 nm with geometric standard deviations of 1.6 under continuous wave operation, which decreased to 6 nm mean and 1.3 geometric standard deviation for pulsed power operation at 100 Hz and 20% duty cycle. We propose that solvated electrons from the plasma and vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) radiation induced electrons produced in glycerol are the main reducing agents of Ag+, the precursor for NPs, while no significant change of chemical composition of the glycerol solvent was detected.
KW - low-pressure plasma
KW - nanoparticle synthesis
KW - plasma-liquid interactions
KW - silver
KW - size control
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U2 - 10.1088/1361-6463/ac9ce9
DO - 10.1088/1361-6463/ac9ce9
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85142501124
SN - 0022-3727
VL - 56
JO - Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics
JF - Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics
IS - 1
M1 - 015201
ER -