Strategies for graded motor imagery for clients with phantom limb pain and cognitive impairment

Tonya L. Rich; Lindsay A. Marth; Steven M. Brielmaier; Jessica E. Kiecker; Rebecca J. Vogsland; Franz J. MacEdo; John E. Ferguson; Andrew H. Hansen

doi:10.1097/PXR.0000000000000125

Strategies for graded motor imagery for clients with phantom limb pain and cognitive impairment

Tonya L. Rich, Lindsay A. Marth, Steven M. Brielmaier, Jessica E. Kiecker, Rebecca J. Vogsland, Franz J. MacEdo, John E. Ferguson, Andrew H. Hansen

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

Abstract

Background:Individuals with amputations often experience phantom limb pain (PLP) that can limit their participation in rehabilitation, prosthesis training, desired activities, and roles. One nonpharmacological rehabilitation intervention for PLP is graded motor imagery (GMI). There are several components to GMI, including right/left discrimination or laterality, motor imagery, sensory retraining, and mirror therapy. Successful implementation of GMI requires a range of cognitive skills, such as attention span, working memory, abstract reasoning, and planning. For individuals with PLP who concurrently display cognitive impairments, GMI protocols can be adapted using strategies derived from clinical practice.Objective(s):The purpose of this technical clinical report was to discuss the application of clinically implemented cognitive compensation techniques to GMI instruction.Study Design:Not applicableMethods:Clinical expert opinion to explore adaptations for GMI.Technique:Graded motor imagery can be an effective tool for pain treatment; however, some clients may need greater clinician support due to existing cognitive difficulties.Results:For clients to be successful, active engagement in learning about and implementing GMI techniques is necessary.Conclusions:When serving the lifetime amputation care needs of patients with cognitive deficits, we find that targeted learning strategies and accommodations can be helpful when introducing GMI concepts and skill development. Enhanced patient education techniques support client learning.

Original language	English (US)
Pages (from-to)	496-499
Number of pages	4
Journal	Prosthetics and Orthotics International
Volume	46
Issue number	5
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1097/PXR.0000000000000125
State	Published - Oct 1 2022

Bibliographical note

Funding Information:
The authors disclosed receipt of the following financial support for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article: This work was supported in part by the US Department of Veterans Affairs Rehabilitation Research and Development Career Development Award 1IK1RX003216-01A2 and was conducted at the Minneapolis VA Health Care System. The materials presented here solely represent the views of the authors and does not represent the view of the US Department of Veterans Affairs or the US Government.

Publisher Copyright:
© 2022 SAGE Publications Inc.. All rights reserved.

Keywords

cognition
graded motor imagery
mirror therapy
occupational therapy
pain treatment
physical therapy

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title = "Strategies for graded motor imagery for clients with phantom limb pain and cognitive impairment",

abstract = "Background:Individuals with amputations often experience phantom limb pain (PLP) that can limit their participation in rehabilitation, prosthesis training, desired activities, and roles. One nonpharmacological rehabilitation intervention for PLP is graded motor imagery (GMI). There are several components to GMI, including right/left discrimination or laterality, motor imagery, sensory retraining, and mirror therapy. Successful implementation of GMI requires a range of cognitive skills, such as attention span, working memory, abstract reasoning, and planning. For individuals with PLP who concurrently display cognitive impairments, GMI protocols can be adapted using strategies derived from clinical practice.Objective(s):The purpose of this technical clinical report was to discuss the application of clinically implemented cognitive compensation techniques to GMI instruction.Study Design:Not applicableMethods:Clinical expert opinion to explore adaptations for GMI.Technique:Graded motor imagery can be an effective tool for pain treatment; however, some clients may need greater clinician support due to existing cognitive difficulties.Results:For clients to be successful, active engagement in learning about and implementing GMI techniques is necessary.Conclusions:When serving the lifetime amputation care needs of patients with cognitive deficits, we find that targeted learning strategies and accommodations can be helpful when introducing GMI concepts and skill development. Enhanced patient education techniques support client learning.",

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note = "Funding Information: The authors disclosed receipt of the following financial support for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article: This work was supported in part by the US Department of Veterans Affairs Rehabilitation Research and Development Career Development Award 1IK1RX003216-01A2 and was conducted at the Minneapolis VA Health Care System. The materials presented here solely represent the views of the authors and does not represent the view of the US Department of Veterans Affairs or the US Government. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2022 SAGE Publications Inc.. All rights reserved.",

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Strategies for graded motor imagery for clients with phantom limb pain and cognitive impairment

Abstract

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