TY - JOUR
T1 - Synthesis and functional evaluation of soy fatty acid methyl ester ketals as bioplasticizers
AU - Kandula, Subbarao
AU - Stolp, Lucas
AU - Grass, Michael
AU - Woldt, Benjamin
AU - Kodali, Dharma
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2014 AOCS.
PY - 2014/11
Y1 - 2014/11
N2 - A facile synthesis of the soy fatty acid methyl ester ketal has been accomplished using acetone in the presence of catalytic anhydrous ferric chloride starting from commercially available soy biodiesel (soy fatty acid methyl ester) after evaluating various synthetic procedures. The soy ketal product was fully characterized by nuclear magnetic resonance, infra-red and chromatography. The physical and analytical properties of soy ketal as determined by thermogravimetric analysis, viscosity acid and saponification values are acceptable for plasticizer applications. Soy ketal was compounded with polyvinyl chloride for evaluation of plasticizer properties such as efficiency, gelation, viscosity, volatility, thickening/aging behavior and stability. The thickening and aging behaviors of the soy ketal bioplasticizer are better than those of petroleum-based plasticizers such as diisononyl phthalate and diisononyl-cyclohexane dicarboxylate, but they need improvement in the areas of thermal stability and water extractability.
AB - A facile synthesis of the soy fatty acid methyl ester ketal has been accomplished using acetone in the presence of catalytic anhydrous ferric chloride starting from commercially available soy biodiesel (soy fatty acid methyl ester) after evaluating various synthetic procedures. The soy ketal product was fully characterized by nuclear magnetic resonance, infra-red and chromatography. The physical and analytical properties of soy ketal as determined by thermogravimetric analysis, viscosity acid and saponification values are acceptable for plasticizer applications. Soy ketal was compounded with polyvinyl chloride for evaluation of plasticizer properties such as efficiency, gelation, viscosity, volatility, thickening/aging behavior and stability. The thickening and aging behaviors of the soy ketal bioplasticizer are better than those of petroleum-based plasticizers such as diisononyl phthalate and diisononyl-cyclohexane dicarboxylate, but they need improvement in the areas of thermal stability and water extractability.
KW - Biodiesel
KW - Diisononyl phthalate (DINP)
KW - Diisononyl-cyclohexane dicarboxylate (DINCH)
KW - Fatty acid methyl esters
KW - Ketals
KW - Plasticizers
KW - Polyvinyl chloride (PVC)
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U2 - 10.1007/s11746-014-2529-8
DO - 10.1007/s11746-014-2529-8
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:84915783504
SN - 0003-021X
VL - 91
SP - 1967
EP - 1974
JO - JAOCS, Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society
JF - JAOCS, Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society
IS - 11
ER -