TY - JOUR
T1 - The Impact of Neonatal Illness on Nutritional Requirements
T2 - One Size Does Not Fit All
AU - Ramel, Sara E.
AU - Brown, Laura D.
AU - Georgieff, Michael K.
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2014, Springer Science + Business Media New York.
PY - 2014/12
Y1 - 2014/12
N2 - Sick neonates are at high risk for growth failure and poorer neurodevelopment than their healthy counterparts. The etiology of postnatal growth failure in sick infants is likely multi-factorial and includes undernutrition due to the difficulty of feeding them during their illness and instability. Illness also itself induces fundamental changes in cellular metabolism that appear to significantly alter nutritional demand and nutrient handling. Inflammation and physiologic stress play a large role in inducing the catabolic state characteristic of the critically ill newborn infant. Inflammatory and stress responses are critical short-term adaptations to promote survival, but are not conducive to promoting long-term growth and development. Conditions such as sepsis, surgery, necrotizing enterocolitis, chronic lung disease and intrauterine growth restriction, and their treatments are characterized by altered energy, protein, and micronutrient metabolism that result in nutritional requirements that are different from those of the healthy, growing term, or preterm infant.
AB - Sick neonates are at high risk for growth failure and poorer neurodevelopment than their healthy counterparts. The etiology of postnatal growth failure in sick infants is likely multi-factorial and includes undernutrition due to the difficulty of feeding them during their illness and instability. Illness also itself induces fundamental changes in cellular metabolism that appear to significantly alter nutritional demand and nutrient handling. Inflammation and physiologic stress play a large role in inducing the catabolic state characteristic of the critically ill newborn infant. Inflammatory and stress responses are critical short-term adaptations to promote survival, but are not conducive to promoting long-term growth and development. Conditions such as sepsis, surgery, necrotizing enterocolitis, chronic lung disease and intrauterine growth restriction, and their treatments are characterized by altered energy, protein, and micronutrient metabolism that result in nutritional requirements that are different from those of the healthy, growing term, or preterm infant.
KW - Bronchopulmonary dysplasia
KW - Illness, stress
KW - Neonatal sepsis
KW - Nutrition
KW - Preterm
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U2 - 10.1007/s40124-014-0059-3
DO - 10.1007/s40124-014-0059-3
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:84978009230
SN - 2167-4841
VL - 2
SP - 248
EP - 254
JO - Current Pediatrics Reports
JF - Current Pediatrics Reports
IS - 4
ER -