Abstract
We conjectured that individual differences in tension-reduction alcohol outcome expectancies (TR-AOEs) could produce widely varying responses to manipulations in alcohol-placebo studies and tested this idea by having individuals with social phobia give speeches in front of a group. One speech occurred before and one after participants consumed either a placebo beverage or a control beverage (i.e., a nonalcoholic drink described as containing no alcohol). Study results indicate that the placebo manipulation reduced cognitive and affective symptoms of anxiety to a greater extent for males with high TR-AOEs than for males with low TR-AOEs. This pattern was not found for women in the placebo group or for individuals in the control group. These findings demonstrate a moderating effect of TR-AOEs on the association between the consumption of a placebo beverage and response to an anxiety challenge and highlight the importance of accounting for gender and outcome expectancies when evaluating psychoactive substances.
Original language | English (US) |
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Pages (from-to) | 1221-1224 |
Number of pages | 4 |
Journal | Addictive Behaviors |
Volume | 29 |
Issue number | 6 |
DOIs | |
State | Published - Aug 2004 |
Bibliographical note
Funding Information:This research was supported, in part, by a grant from the National Institute on Alcoholism and Alcohol Abuse (R-29, AA09871) awarded to the second author and a grant from the National Institute of Mental Health (MH17069) awarded to the first author.
Keywords
- Placebo
- Social phobia
- TR-AOEs