Abstract
Background: Closing the loop between brain activity and behavior is one of the most active areas of development in neuroscience. There is particular interest in developing closed-loop control of neural oscillations. Many studies report correlations between oscillations and functional processes. Oscillation-informed closed-loop experiments might determine whether these relationships are causal and would provide important mechanistic insights which may lead to new therapeutic tools. These closed-loop perturbations require accurate estimates of oscillatory phase and amplitude, which are challenging to compute in real time. New method: We developed an easy to implement, fast and accurate Toolkit for Oscillatory Real-time Tracking and Estimation (TORTE). TORTE operates with the open-source Open Ephys GUI (OEGUI) system, making it immediately compatible with a wide range of acquisition systems and experimental preparations. Results: TORTE efficiently extracts oscillatory phase and amplitude from a target signal and includes a variety of options to trigger closed-loop perturbations. Implementing these tools into existing experiments is easy and adds minimal latency to existing protocols. Comparison with existing methods: Most labs use in-house lab-specific approaches, limiting replication and extension of their experiments by other groups. Accuracy of the extracted analytic signal and accuracy of oscillation-informed perturbations with TORTE match presented results by these groups. However, TORTE provides access to these tools in a flexible, easy to use toolkit without requiring proprietary software. Conclusion: We hope that the availability of a high-quality, open-source, and broadly applicable toolkit will increase the number of labs able to perform oscillatory closed-loop experiments, and will improve the replicability of protocols and data across labs.
Original language | English (US) |
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Article number | 109409 |
Journal | Journal of Neuroscience Methods |
Volume | 366 |
DOIs | |
State | Published - Jan 15 2022 |
Bibliographical note
Publisher Copyright:© 2021 Elsevier B.V.
Keywords
- Analytic signal
- Closed-loop
- Open-source
- Oscillations
- Toolkit
- Translational