Tryptophan (Trp) modulates gut homeostasis via aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR)

Meige Sun; Ning Ma; Ting He; Lee J. Johnston; Xi Ma

doi:10.1080/10408398.2019.1598334

Tryptophan (Trp) modulates gut homeostasis via aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR)

Meige Sun, Ning Ma, Ting He, Lee J. Johnston, Xi Ma

West Central Research and Outreach Center

Research output: Contribution to journal › Review article › peer-review

128 Scopus citations

Abstract

The intestinal homeostasis is an orchestrated dynamic equilibrium state composed of the coexistence and interactions among the nutrients, microbial flora, and immune system. The intestinal balance disorder can trigger a series of diseases, such as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Many of tryptophan (Trp) metabolites, such as kynurenine and indole, generated under a series of endogenous enzymes or microbial metabolism, have been reported enable to bind and activate the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR), this series of process is termed the Trp-AhR pathway. The activated Trp-AhR pathway can induce the expression of downstream cytokines such as interleukin-22 (IL-22) and interleukin-17 (IL-17), thereby regulating the intestinal homeostasis. This review highlights the advance of Trp-AhR pathway in the regulation of intestinal homeostasis and provides some insights for the clinical strategies that expect to effectively prevent and treat gut diseases via intervening the Trp-AhR pathway.

Original language	English (US)
Pages (from-to)	1760-1768
Number of pages	9
Journal	Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition
Volume	60
Issue number	10
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1080/10408398.2019.1598334
State	Published - May 30 2020

Bibliographical note

Funding Information:
Supported by the National Key R&D Program of China (2018YFD0500601 and 2017YFD0500501), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31829004, 31722054 and 31472101), the College of Animal Science and Technology “Young Talents Program” at China Agricultural University (2017DKA001), the Beijing Nova Programme Interdisciplinary Cooperation Project (xxjc201804), the 111 Project (B16044), and the Developmental Fund for Animal Science by Shenzhen Jinxinnong Feed Co., Ltd.

Funding Information:
Supported by the National Key R&D Program of China (2018YFD0500601 and 2017YFD0500501), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31829004, 31722054 and 31472101), the College of Animal Science and Technology ?Young Talents Program? at China Agricultural University (2017DKA001), the Beijing Nova Programme Interdisciplinary Cooperation Project (xxjc201804), the 111 Project (B16044), and the Developmental Fund for Animal Science by Shenzhen Jinxinnong Feed Co., Ltd.

Publisher Copyright:
© 2019, © 2019 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.

Keywords

Aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR)
immune barrier
inflammatory bowel disease (IBD)
intestinal homeostasis
tryptophan (Trp)

PubMed: MeSH publication types

Journal Article
Review

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title = "Tryptophan (Trp) modulates gut homeostasis via aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR)",

abstract = "The intestinal homeostasis is an orchestrated dynamic equilibrium state composed of the coexistence and interactions among the nutrients, microbial flora, and immune system. The intestinal balance disorder can trigger a series of diseases, such as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Many of tryptophan (Trp) metabolites, such as kynurenine and indole, generated under a series of endogenous enzymes or microbial metabolism, have been reported enable to bind and activate the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR), this series of process is termed the Trp-AhR pathway. The activated Trp-AhR pathway can induce the expression of downstream cytokines such as interleukin-22 (IL-22) and interleukin-17 (IL-17), thereby regulating the intestinal homeostasis. This review highlights the advance of Trp-AhR pathway in the regulation of intestinal homeostasis and provides some insights for the clinical strategies that expect to effectively prevent and treat gut diseases via intervening the Trp-AhR pathway.",

keywords = "Aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR), immune barrier, inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), intestinal homeostasis, tryptophan (Trp)",

author = "Meige Sun and Ning Ma and Ting He and Johnston, {Lee J.} and Xi Ma",

note = "Funding Information: Supported by the National Key R&D Program of China (2018YFD0500601 and 2017YFD0500501), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31829004, 31722054 and 31472101), the College of Animal Science and Technology “Young Talents Program” at China Agricultural University (2017DKA001), the Beijing Nova Programme Interdisciplinary Cooperation Project (xxjc201804), the 111 Project (B16044), and the Developmental Fund for Animal Science by Shenzhen Jinxinnong Feed Co., Ltd. Funding Information: Supported by the National Key R&D Program of China (2018YFD0500601 and 2017YFD0500501), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31829004, 31722054 and 31472101), the College of Animal Science and Technology ?Young Talents Program? at China Agricultural University (2017DKA001), the Beijing Nova Programme Interdisciplinary Cooperation Project (xxjc201804), the 111 Project (B16044), and the Developmental Fund for Animal Science by Shenzhen Jinxinnong Feed Co., Ltd. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2019, {\textcopyright} 2019 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.",

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N2 - The intestinal homeostasis is an orchestrated dynamic equilibrium state composed of the coexistence and interactions among the nutrients, microbial flora, and immune system. The intestinal balance disorder can trigger a series of diseases, such as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Many of tryptophan (Trp) metabolites, such as kynurenine and indole, generated under a series of endogenous enzymes or microbial metabolism, have been reported enable to bind and activate the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR), this series of process is termed the Trp-AhR pathway. The activated Trp-AhR pathway can induce the expression of downstream cytokines such as interleukin-22 (IL-22) and interleukin-17 (IL-17), thereby regulating the intestinal homeostasis. This review highlights the advance of Trp-AhR pathway in the regulation of intestinal homeostasis and provides some insights for the clinical strategies that expect to effectively prevent and treat gut diseases via intervening the Trp-AhR pathway.

AB - The intestinal homeostasis is an orchestrated dynamic equilibrium state composed of the coexistence and interactions among the nutrients, microbial flora, and immune system. The intestinal balance disorder can trigger a series of diseases, such as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Many of tryptophan (Trp) metabolites, such as kynurenine and indole, generated under a series of endogenous enzymes or microbial metabolism, have been reported enable to bind and activate the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR), this series of process is termed the Trp-AhR pathway. The activated Trp-AhR pathway can induce the expression of downstream cytokines such as interleukin-22 (IL-22) and interleukin-17 (IL-17), thereby regulating the intestinal homeostasis. This review highlights the advance of Trp-AhR pathway in the regulation of intestinal homeostasis and provides some insights for the clinical strategies that expect to effectively prevent and treat gut diseases via intervening the Trp-AhR pathway.

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Tryptophan (Trp) modulates gut homeostasis via aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR)

Abstract

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Keywords

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