Upper limit on a stochastic background of gravitational waves from seismic measurements in the range 0.05-1 Hz

In this Letter, we present an upper limit of ΩG_W<1. 2×10⁸ on an isotropic stochastic gravitational-wave (GW) background integrated over a year in the frequency range 0.05-1 Hz, which improves current upper limits from high-precision laboratory experiments by about 9 orders of magnitude. The limit is obtained using the response of Earth itself to GWs via a free-surface effect described more than 40 years ago by Dyson. The response was measured by a global network of broadband seismometers selected to maximize the sensitivity.